It is pretty much a one-way street. While it may be common for university researchers to try their luck in the commercial world, there is very little traffic in the opposite direction. Pay has always been the biggest deterrent, as people with families often feel they cannot afford the drop in salary when moving to a university job. For some industrial scientists, however, the attractions of academia (学术界) outweigh any financial considerations.

Helen Lee took a 70% cut in salary when she moved from a senior post in Abbott Laboratories to a medical department at the University of Cambridge. Her main reason for returning to academia mid-career was to take advantage of the greater freedom to choose research questions. Some areas of inquiry have few prospects of a commercial return, and Lee’s is one of them.

The impact of a salary cut is probably less severe for a scientist in the early stages of a career. Guy Grant, now a research associate at the Unilever Centre for Molecular Informatics at the University of Cambridge, spent two years working for a pharmaceutical (制药的) company before returning to university as a post-doctoral researcher. He took a 30% salary cut but felt it worthwhile for the greater intellectual opportunities.

Higher up the ladder, where a pay cut is usually more significant, the demand for scientists with a wealth of experience in industry is forcing universities to make the transition (转换) to academia more attractive, according to Lee. Industrial scientists tend to receive training that academics do not, such as how to build a multidisciplinary team, manage budgets and negotiate contracts. They are also well placed to bring something extra to the teaching side of an academic role that will help students get a job when they graduate, says Lee, perhaps experience in manufacturing practice or product development. “Only a small number of undergraduates will continue in an academic career. So someone leaving university who already has the skills needed to work in an industrial lab has far more potential in the job market than someone who has spent all their time on a narrow research project.”

小题1:By “a one-way street” (Line 1, Para. 1), the author means ________.

A．university researchers know little about the commercial world

B．there is little exchange between industry and academia

C．few industrial scientists would quit to work in a university

D．few university professors are willing to do industrial research小题2:What was Helen Lee’s major consideration when she changed her job in the middle of her career?

A．Flexible work hours.

B．Her research interests.

C．Her preference for the lifestyle on campus.

D．Prospects of academic accomplishments.小题3:Guy Grant chose to work as a researcher at Cambridge in order to ________.

A．do financially more rewarding work

B．raise his status in the academic world

C．enrich his experience in medical research

D．exploit better intellectual opportunities小题4:What contribution can industrial scientists make when they come to teach in a university?

A．Increase its graduates’ competitiveness in the job market.

B．Develop its students’ potential in research.

C．Help it to obtain financial support from industry.

D．Gear its research towards practical applications.

Reading comprehension.

     In America it is common for children as young as four to participate in organized activities. Piano and

ballet lessons, scouts meetings, soccer and softball practices surround their normal school schedules.

However, one person is very important in the logistics of how these children are able to get from swimming

practice to French lessons: The Soccer Mom.

     The Soccer Mom is a very important stereotype in American suburban life. The phrase Soccer Mom was

first created in 1995 and broadly refers to a married middle-class woman who lives in the suburbs, works

outside the home and has school age children. Much of her time is spent managing her children's schedules

and transporting them to sporting events and other activities. The image of the Soccer Mom conjures a busy

woman who drives a minivan large enough to contain her children, their friends and their sporting equipment.

Once they arrive at the sporting event or other activity, the Soccer Mom will stay to watch, serving granola

bars and juice to their children after their game or activity is finished.

     In America, the roles of mother and of career woman demand opposite responsibilities from a woman.

The role of a career woman is to work hard and climb the corporate ladder, while the role of mother often

asks women to put her family's interests ahead of her own. The Soccer Mom attempts to straddle this divide,

at once balancing her children and their activities with her own life outside her family. The Soccer Mom

becomes overburdened with the weight of responsibilities A 1999 poll states that being stressed out is one of

the most frequently mentioned characteristics of a Soccer Mona. Yet without Soccer Moms, who would fill

the responsibilities of getting children to where they needed to be?

1. The best title for this passage is "_____".

A. The Hectic Lifestyle of Suburban Children

B. The American Family

C. Minivans the Realm of the Soccer Mom

D. Soccer Moms in American Society

2. The main role of Soccer Moms is _____.

A. transporting their children

B. buying things for their children

C. pushing their children to achieve

D. a successful career

3. Why are American mothers stressed out? 

A. Because they are very career centered.

B. Because they work and have children.

C. Because they push their children to achieve.

D. Because their husbands are lazy.

4. What is a frequently mentioned characteristic of Soccer Moms?

A. Overburdened.

B. Works outside the home.

C. Has young children.

D. Brings juice to soccer games.

5. What does "Climbing the corporate ladder" mean?

A. Working.

B. Having a career as a woman.

C. Advancing your career.

D. Working in a ladder factory.