问题 阅读理解与欣赏

文言文阅读(共10分)

【甲段】天时不如地利,地利不如人和。

三里之城,七里之郭,环而攻之而不胜。夫环而攻之,必有得天时者矣,然而不胜者,是天时不如地利也。

城非不高也,池非不深也,兵革非不坚利也,米粟非不多也,委而去之,是地利不如人和也。

故曰,域民不以封疆之界,固国不以山谿之险,威天下不以兵革之利。得道者多助,失道者寡助。寡助之至,亲戚畔之。多助之至,天下顺之。以天下之所顺,攻亲戚之所畔,故君子有不战,战必胜矣。

(《得道多助,失道寡助》)

【乙段】十年春,齐师伐我。公将战。曹刿请见。其乡人曰:“肉食者谋之,又何间焉?”刿曰:“肉食者鄙,未能远谋。”乃入见。问:“何以战?”公曰:“衣食所安,弗敢专也,必以分人。”对曰:“小惠未徧,民弗从也。”公曰:“牺牲玉帛,弗敢加也,必以信。”对曰:“小信未孚,神弗福也。”公曰:“小大之狱,虽不能察,必以情。”对曰:“忠之属也,可以一战。战则请从。”(《曹刿论战》)

小题1:解释下列句中加点词的意思。(2分)

非不深也   池:               ②又何焉   间:        

小题2:下列语句中的“之”,与“七里郭”的“之”意义和用法相同的一项是(1分)

A.寡助

B.天下顺

C.肉食者谋

D.小大狱小题3:翻译下列句子。(4分)

①威天下不以兵革之利     翻译:                              

②小惠未徧,民弗从也     翻译:                              

小题4:按要求回答下列问题。(3分)

从甲段看,孟子认为“人和”达到极致,君主就能拥有“ ① ”(用原文回答)的有利局面;就乙段看,曹刿认为君主只有做到“ ② ”(用原文回答),才算得上尽忠职守,战争才有胜算。综合甲乙两段,我们能够得出如下结论:治国者必须 ③ (用自己的话回答)才能得天下。

答案

小题1:(2分) ①池:护城河(1分)  ②间:参与(1分)

小题2: D(1分)

小题3:(4分)

①震慑天下,不依靠武力的强大。(2分)

②小恩小惠不能遍及百姓,老百姓是不会听从您的。(2分)

小题4:(3分) ①“天下顺之”;②“小大之狱,虽不能察,必以情”;③得民心(或:施仁政,取信于民,意思对即可)

评分说明:每空1分,共3分。有错别字该空不得分。

小题1:

题目分析:解释时要注意辨析词义和用法的变化,根据语境判断字词义,本题中“池”“间”都为古今异义字词,要注意辨析。对课文注释中有明确注明的字词要加强记忆。

小题2:

题目分析:先判断例句中“之”的意思,再判断各选项中“之”的意思。D句中“之”与例句相同,都是“的”的意思。

小题3:

题目分析:疏通全文,在全文语境中大致了解句子的意思,解释清楚关键词语“威”“兵革”“利”“惠”“ 徧”“从”,最后疏通句子。所学课文,做过翻译练习要加强记忆,可直接写出译句。

小题4:

题目分析:阅读文段,结合所学所记,找到与问题相关的文句,根据题目的要求概括要点。

多项选择题
阅读理解

In today's fast-paced (快节奏) society, few people take time to enjoy the midday meal.Most of us just rush right through it. We grab a quick salad, or buy a sandwich and eat at our computers, Sometimes, if there is a deadline around the corner, we just skip lunch

The development of technology hasn't done our eating habits much good either.We are constantly distracted by e-mail, social media, and 24 - hour news.Even when we do sit down for lunch, we are more connected to our hand - held electronic devices.

Long working hours can cause all kinds of health problems, and many developed countries have put in place labor laws specifically regarding the lunch break.These laws give employees the right to take a break during a long work shift, but it's up to them whether they do so or not.

Frank Partnoy, a former Wall Street trader, says that employers should encourage workers to take time off for lunch.This is because long lunch breaks can benefit both individuals and society.

Writing in The Guardian, Partnoy says that one obvious reason to take a lunch break is to slow down and gain some perspective(认识). A break from work allows us to think strategically and outside the box.It also puts our daily tasks into a broader context(背景).

What we eat at lunch is also important.In Partnoy' s opinion, a fast food lunch is more harmful than not having lunch at all.  And it's not just about calories and unhealthy food.Recent studies show that fast food also has negative effects on how we think.

However, if we sit down at a proper restaurant and chat leisurely with colleagues, we are more likely to slow down, something that hardly can be achieved in a noisy and over — packed fast food chain.

Despite these benefits, some employees might still be unwilling to take time off for lunch.Partnoy's suggestion? Make skipping lunch difficult: Employers could ask workers to fill out a form stating their reasons for skipping the meal.

小题1:What does the underlined phrase "skip lunch" mean in the first paragraph?

A.have a quick lunch

B.don't have lunch

C.work while having lunch

D.take a lunch break小题2:Which of the following is true according to the text?

A.Modern technology results in good diet habits.

B.Electronic devices make our life comfortable.

C.Many people are too busy to have a good lunch.

D.Laws have passed to make workers have lunch.小题3:According to Frank Partnoy, long lunch breaks            .

A.are time for the workers to relax their mind

B.make the employees work longer hours

C.are for employees to have a quick lunch

D.make the workers eat a proper lunch at home小题4:In Partnoy's opinion, a fast food lunch                .

A.saves a lot of time for a rest

B.affects people's way of thinking

C.is better than having no lunch

D.makes workers sit down and think小题5:What might be the author's purpose in writing the text?

A.To warn us not to eat fast food.

B.To introduce Frank Partnoy's opinion.

C.To encourage us to work more efficiently.

D.To show the importance of a proper lunch.