可引起呼吸性酸中毒合并代谢性酸中毒的是（）
A.应用强心药物
B.慢性呼吸衰竭合并休克
C.应用大量利尿剂
D.呼吸道感染加重
E.机械通气过度
参考答案：B
解析：该题为临床实践与理论知识结合分析题。利尿剂以噻嗪类和袢类利尿剂为主，利尿剂应用后造成细胞外液减少，HCO-3从近端肾小管重吸收增多可以造成碱血症；另外由于利尿剂应用后导致K+丢失，后者刺激氨的合成，也同时可使HCO-3形成增加；细胞外液量减少以及随之而产生的醛固酮分泌过多使H+从远端肾小管分泌过多，后者加促HCO-3生成，亦可引起代谢性碱中毒。
| 完形填空。 | ||||
| As soon as he finished his homework. Eric jumped onto his bicycle and rode off in the direction of the beach. While he was 1 along. He thought about the whales (鲸鱼). He hoped he would see them again today. After he got to the beach. Eric 2 his bicycle behind a bush so that no one could see it from the road. Then he ran down onto the sand. 3 it was only four in the afternoon,the sky was already growing dark. Eric frowned (皱眉). If it 4 he wouldn't be able to see the whales because they would stay in deeper water. He hurried along the beach 5 the rocks. They were the best place to watch the whales from because of their 6 . Before Eric reached the rocks he felt a drop of water on his head. "Oh, no!" he thought. "Now the whales will stay in the deep water and I won't be able to 7 them!" But just then he saw a large shape on the beach. It was a young whale! The whale had come too close to the shore (海岸) and got stuck (搁浅) on the 8 ! At first the whale didn't move at all and Eric thought it was 9 . Then he saw its tail move weakly. Eric turned and ran through the rain as fast as he could back to his bicycle. He had to get 10 ! Unless they got the whale back in the water soon,it would die and Eric couldn't let that happen. | ||||
|