问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读《鱼我所欲也》 (15分)

鱼,我所欲也;熊掌,亦我所欲也.二者不可得兼,舍鱼而取熊掌者也。生,亦我所欲也;义,亦我所欲也。二者不可得兼,舍生而取义者也。生亦我所欲,所欲有甚于生者,故不为苟得也;死亦我所恶,所恶有甚于死者,故患有所不辟也。如使人之所欲莫甚于生,则凡可以得生者何不用也?使人之所恶莫甚于死者,则凡可以辟患者何不为也?由是则生而有不用也,由是则可以辟患而有不为也。是故所欲有甚于生者,所恶有甚于死者。非独贤者有是心也,人皆有之,贤者能勿丧耳。

一箪食,一豆羹,得之则生,弗得则死。呼尔而与之,行道之人弗受;蹴尔而与之,乞人不屑也。万钟则不辩礼义而受之,万钟于我何加焉!为宫室之美,妻妾之奉,所识穷乏者得我与?乡为身死而不受,今为宫室之美为之;乡为身死而不受,今为妻妾之奉为之;乡为身死而不受,今为所识穷乏者得我而为之:是亦不可以已乎?此之谓失其本心。

小题1:解释加点字词(4分)

(1故患有所不辟也  辟:           (2)蹴尔而与之  蹴:           

(3)所识穷乏者得我与  得:       (4)此之谓失其本心 本心:         

小题2:用现代汉语翻译句子(4分) 

(1)非独贤者有是心也,人皆有之,贤者能勿丧耳 。 

(2)万钟则不辩礼义而受之,万钟于我何加焉! 

小题3:作者为了证明自己的观点,列举了“不食嗟来之食”的事例,请用简练的语言给本文补充—个事实论据。(2分) 

小题4:儒家认为“性相近,习相远”,即人们生来本性是相近的,都是善的,由于后天的社会环境与物欲使人的“性”差距变大,有人变“恶”了。阅读选文第一段,想想第一段中哪一句和这一观点相近,并写下来。(2分)

小题5:孟子提倡的“舍生取义”曾经造就了一大批仁人志士,而现在的学校教育则强调我们中小学生要“珍爱生命”,教育部新修改的《中学生日常行为规范》就删掉了“见义勇为,敢于斗争”的字样,对此,你是怎样看待的?(3分)

答案

小题1:(每小题1分,共4分)(1)“辟”通“避”,躲避    (2)蹴:用脚踢,踩踏  (3) “得”通“德”, 感激   (4)本心:天性,天良

小题2:(1) 不仅仅贤人有这种本性,人人都有,只不过贤人能够不丧失罢了。(2分)

(2) (有人)见到高位厚禄却不辨别是否符合礼义就接受了它,那高位厚禄对于我有什么好处呢?(2分)

小题3:(2分)例:朱自清宁肯饿死也不吃美国的救济粮 ;宋代文天祥被元军俘虏,宁死不屈,誓死不降;

小题4: (2分) 非独贤者有是心也,人皆有之,贤者能勿丧耳。

小题5:我们每一个个体,由于身体的、技能的原因,有着不同的特长与能力,只要为社会的正义事业作出自己力所能及的贡献,在一定意义上就是一个好市民。(1分)我们不能完全赞同一些人提出的“遇到暴力事件不要反抗”的理念,但这种“反抗”一定要量力而行。否则,对自己,可能是身体的损害;对家人,是失去亲人的悲伤:对国家,则是社会资源的无谓浪费。(1分)明知不可为而为之,是在逞匹夫之勇。我们倡导的见义勇为,应该是“巧为”、“智为” 。(1分)(意思接近即可)

小题1:

题目分析:小题(1)(3)属于通假字,解释通假字要注意先写出所通之字,在解释词义;“蹴”“本心”属于重点实词解释,日常学习中,要注意为文言文词语归类进行记忆。

小题2:

题目分析:句子翻译中要注意将中心词翻译正确,比如“是心”“辩”“何加”的意思。

小题3:

题目分析: 事实论据是对客观事物的真实的描述和概括,具有直接现实性的品格,因此是证明论点的最有说服力的论据。所谓“事实胜于雄辩”就是这个道理。事实论据包括具体事例、概括事实、统计数字、亲身经历等等。本题所补充事例只要体现一种不为良心,体现骨气即可。

小题4:

题目分析:这是一道筛选文章内容的题型,这样的题都比较简单,此题也不例外,只要审清题干要求,按意思在文中选即可。

小题5:

题目分析:这是一道开放性试题,我们看到题干要求是说“中学生”,我们知道中学生心智尚不成熟,如果非向学生灌输“见义勇为”可能会造就更大的悲剧,所以对中学生提倡“见义智为”,因此答此题时要先阐明自己的观点,围绕观点谈理由。

阅读理解
Reading comprehension.
      Everybody talks about the weather; it's the most common subject of conversation, for example, "Isn't
it a nice day?" "Do you think it will rain?" "I think it is going to snow," All this are the common ways of
starting a conversation.
      Many people think they can tell what the weather is going to be like. But they hardly ever agree with
each other. One man may say, "Do you see how cloudy it is in the east? It is going to rain tomorrow."
Another man will say, "Yes, it's cloudy in the east.We are going to have a fine day tomorrow."
      People often look for the weather they want. When a farmer needs water,he looks for something to
tell him it is going to rain; he won't believe anything else. When friends have a picnic, they are so sure the
weather is going to clear up very quickly that they won't sit eating their lunch while it rains.
     Almost everyone listens to what the weatherman says. But he does not always tell us what we want,
and once in a while he makes a mistake.Still, he probably comes closer to being correct than anyone else.
1. When we start a conversation with our friends, we usually ____.
[ ]
A: ask their names
B: talk about the weather
C: say hello to them
D: ask their address
2. "Isn't it a nice day?" The sentence means ____.
[ ]
A: he doesn't know if it is a fine day
B: he doesn't think it is a fine day
C: he thinks it is a fine day
D: he asks others' opinion
3. When we talk about the weather, we usually say ____.
[ ]
A: "Are you cold?"
B: "Are you well?"
C: "What day is today?"
D: "What a fine day."
4. When people want to have a pionic, they will ____.
[ ]
A: enjoy their pionic in the rain
B: look for something to tell them it is going to be fine
C: wait until it is fine
D: believe what the weatherman says
5. The weatherman ____.
[ ]
A: tells us the weather we hope for
B: never makes a mistake
C: comes closer to being correct than anyone else
D: should be blamed
6. The word "conversation" means        .
[ ]
A: 讲演
B: 报告
C: 谈话
D: 作文
单项选择题