搜题请搜索小程序“爱下问搜题”
问题 材料分析题

某校高一（2） 班学生就我国的法定货币人民币的有关问题进行了一次探究活动。

同学甲：在当前我国的经济生活中，商品生产者经常要出售自己的商品换取人民币，再用人民币去购买自己所需要的商品。

同学乙：人民币的作用这么大，国家可以多发行一些人民币来满足人们的需要，解决我国经济发展过程中资金不足的问题。

同学丙：人民币发行多了不好，容易引起通货膨胀，因此，人民币发行越少越好。

针对上述问题，请你与同学们一起探讨：

（1）人民币为什么能购买商品？

                                                                                                                                                              

                                                                                                                                                              

（2） 请你对同学乙和丙的观点进行评析。

                                                                                                                                                             

                                                                                                                                                             

答案

（1）人民币是由我国发行的、强制使用的价值符号，能在市场上执行货币流通手段的职能，在商品交换中起媒介作用。所以持有人民币就能购买自己所需要的其他商品，人民币的这种作用是受国家法律保护的。

（2）国家有权发行人民币，但不能随意印发，它的发行量受货币发行规律的制约，如果人民币的发行量超过流通中所需要的货币量，就会引发人民币贬值，物价就会上涨，出现通货膨胀。这样不仅不能增加社会财富，而且还会影响经济的发展和人民的生活。同时，纸币还代替金属货币执行流通手段的职能。流通中所需要的货币量受客观规律的制约，如果人民币发行太少，就会使一部分商品不能售出，同样会影响经济的发展和人民的生活，因此，人民币的发行量既不是越多越好，也不是越少越好，而要遵循货币流通规律。乙、丙两位同学的观点都是片面的。

选择题

为减轻大气污染，下列措施中错误的是（　　）

A．建热电站，集中对企业或居民供热

B．改进消烟和除尘装置，提高其性能

C．大力推广使用太阳能

D．放弃内能的利用，停止使用一切燃料
查看答案
单项选择题

The domestic economy in the United States expanded in a remarkably vigorous and steady fashion. The revival in consumer confidence was reflected in the higher proportion of incomes spent for goods and services and the marked increase in consumer willingness to take on installment debt. A parallel strengthening in business psychology was manifested in a stepped-up rate of plant and equipment spending and a gradual pickup in expenses for inventory. Confidence in the economy was also reflected in the strength of the stock market and in the stability of the bond market. For the year as a whole, consumer and business sentiment benefited from the ease in East-West tensions.

The bases of the business expansion were to be found mainly in the stimulative monetary and fiscal policies that had been pursued. Moreover, the restoration of sounder liquidity positions and tighter management control of production efficiency had also helped lay the groundwork for a p expansion. In addition, the economic policy moves made by the President had served to renew optimism on the business outlook while boosting hopes that inflation would be brought under more effective control. Finally, of course, the economy was able to grow as vigorously as it did because sufficient leeway existed in terms of idle men and machines.

The United States balance of payments deficit declined sharply. Nevertheless, by any other test, the deficit remained very large, and there was actually a substantial deterioration in our trade account to a sizable deficit, almost two-thirds of which was with Japan. While the overall trade performance proved disappointing, there are still good reasons for expecting the delayed impact of devaluation to produce in time a significant strengthening in our trade picture. Given the size of the Japanese component of our trade deficit, however, the outcome will depend importantly on the extent of the corrective measures undertaken by Japan. Also important will be our own efforts in the United States to fashion internal policies consistent with an improvement in our external balance.

The underlying task of public policy for the year ahead--and indeed for the longer run-- remained a familiar one.- to strike the right balance between encouraging healthy economic growth and avoiding inflationary pressures. With the economy showing sustained and vigorous growth, and with the currency crisis highlighting the need to improve our competitive posture internationally, the emphasis seemed to be shifting to the problem of inflation. The Phase Three program of wage and price restraint can contribute to reducing inflation. Unless productivity growth is unexpectedly large, however, the expansion of real output must eventually begin to slow down to the economy’s larger run growth potential if generalized demand pressures on prices are to be avoided.

It can be inferred from the third paragraph that the author’s attitude toward the reduction of the international payments deficit seems（）

A. bitter-sweet

B. optimistic

C.sympathetic

D.depressing
查看答案