问题

“是书何以作?为以夷攻夷而作……为师夷长技以制夷而作。”材料中的“是书”指的是: (    )

A.《海国图志》

B.《资政新篇》

C.《定国是诏》

D.《天演论》

答案

答案:A

题目分析:根据所学知识可知、《海国图志》是魏源编著的一部世界地理历史知识的综合性图书。魏源编此书的目的是“师夷长技以制夷”,系统地介绍了西方各国的地理、历史、政治状况和许多先进科学技术,如火轮船,地雷等新式武器的制造和使用。故选A项。

点评:本题难度低,考查学生识记课本基础知识的能力。《海国图志》是一部划时代的著作,其“师夷之长技以制夷”命题的提出,打破了传统的夷夏之辨的文化价值观,摒弃了“九州八荒”、“天圆地方”、“天朝中心”的史地观念,树立了“五大洲、四大洋”的新的世界史地知识,传播了近代自然科学知识以及别种文化样式、社会制度、风土人情,拓宽了国人的视野,开辟了近代中国向西方学习的时代新风气。

单项选择题

Cooperation is the common endeavor of two or more people to perform a task or reach a jointly cherished goal. Like competition and conflict, there are different forms of cooperation, based on group organization and attitudes.
In the first form, known as primary cooperation, group and individual unite. The group contains nearly all of each individual’s life. The rewards of the group’s work are shared with each member. There is an interlocking identity of individual, group, and task performed. Means and goals become one, for cooperation itself is valued.
While primary cooperation is most often characteristic of preliterate societies, secondary cooperation is characteristic of many modern societies. In secondary cooperation, individuals devote only part of their lives to the group. Cooperation itself is not a value. Most members of the group feel loyalty, but the welfare of the group is not the first consideration. Members perform tasks so that they can separately enjoy the fruits of their cooperation in the form of salary, prestige, or power. Business offices and professional athletic teams are examples of secondary cooperation.
In the third type, called tertiary cooperation or accommodation, latent conflict underlies the shared work. The attitudes of the cooperating parties are purely opportunistic; the organization is loose and fragile. Accommodation involves common means to achieve antagonistic goals; it breaks down when the common means cease to aid each party in reaching its goals. This is not, strictly speaking, cooperation at all, and hence the somewhat contradictory term antagonistic cooperation is sometimes used for this relationship.

According to the passage, why do people join groups that practice secondary cooperation

A.To share the happiness with others.

B.To get rewards for themselves.

C.To associate with people who have similar backgrounds.

D.To defeat a common enemy.

单项选择题 A1型题