问题 单项选择题

人的发展的互补性要求教育应该做到( )。

A.相互衔接

B.循序渐进

C.长善救失

D.教学相长

答案

参考答案:C

解析: 互补性反映个体身心发展各组成部分的相互关系,它首先指机体桌一方面的机能受损甚至缺失后,可通过其他方面的超常发展得到部分补偿。互补性也存在于心理机能与生理机能之间。人的精神力量、意志、情绪状态对整个机体能起到调节作用,帮助人战胜疾病和残缺,使身心依然得到发展。人的发展的互补性要求教师应该针对学生的情况,扬长避短。“长善救失”出自《礼记·学记》:“学者有四失,教者必知之。人之学也,或失则多,或失则寡,或失则易,或失则止。此四者,心之莫同也。知其心,然后能救其失也,教也者,长善而救其失者也。”意思是说,有人因务博闻而所习贪多;有人因重视守约而所习太少;有人勇于前进,把学习看得太易;有人则自信心不强,过分谨慎,极易畏难。这是要求教师要尽可能发挥学生的优点克服他们的缺点。这和题干中人的教育的互补性对教育的要求是一致的。

问答题 论述题
阅读理解

For a while, my neighborhood was taken ever by an army of joggers. They were there all the time: early morning, noon, and evening. There were little old ladies in gray sweats, young couples in Adidas shoes, middle-aged men with red faces. “Come on!” My friend Alex encouraged me to join him as he jogged by my house every evening. “You’ll feel great.”

Well, I had nothing against feeling great and if Alex could jog every day, anyone could. So I took up jogging seriously and gave it a good two months of my life, and not a day more. Based on my experience, jogging is the most overvalued form of exercise around, and judging from the number of the people who left our neighborhood jogging army, I’m not alone in my opinion.

First of all, jogging is very hard on the body. Your legs and feet need a real pounding(追击)running down a road for two or three miles. I developed foot, leg, and back problems. Then I read about a nationally famous jogger who died of a heart attack while jogging, and I had something else to worry about. Jogging doesn’t kill hundreds of people, but if you have any physical weaknesses, jogging will surely bring them out, as they did with me.

Secondly, I got no enjoyment out of jogging. Putting one foot in front of the other for forty-five minutes isn’t my idea of fun. Jogging is also a lonely pastime. Some joggers say, “I love being out there with just my thoughts” Well, my thoughts began to bore me, and most of them were on how much my legs hurt.

And how could I enjoy something that brought me pain? And that wasn’t just the first week: it was practically every day for two months. I never got past the pain level, and pain isn’t fun. What a cruel way to do it! So many other exercises, including walking, lead to almost the same results painlessly, so why jog?

I don’t jog any more, and I don’t think I ever will. I’m walking two miles three times a week at a fast pace, and that feels good. I bicycle to work when the weather is good. I’m getting exercise, and I’m enjoying it at the same time. I could never say the same for jogging, and I’ve found a lot of better ways to stay in shape.

小题1:From the first paragraph, we learn that in the writer’s neighborhood ______.

A.jogging became very popular

B.people jogged only during the daytime

C.Alex organized an army of joggers

D.jogging provided a chance to get together小题2:The underlined word “them”(Paragraph 3) most probably refers to _____.

A.heart attacks

B.Back problems

C.famous joggers

D.physical weaknesses小题3:What was the writer’s attitude towards jogging in the beginning?

A.He felt it was worth a try.

B.He was very fond of it.

C.He was strongly against it.

D.He thought it must be painful.小题4:Why did the writer give up jogging two months later?

A.He disliked doing exercise outside.

B.He found it neither healthy nor interesting.

C.He was afraid of having a heart attack.

D.He was worried about being left alone.小题5: From the writer’s experience, we can conclude that______.

A.not everyone enjoys jogging

B.he is the only person who hates jogging

C.nothing other than jogging can help people keep fit

D.jogging makes people feel greater than any other sport.