问题 解答题

分析材料,回答问题:

在澳大利亚生活着一种最原始的哺乳动物--鸭嘴兽,它的嘴扁平,像鸭嘴,尾也短而扁,它和其他哺乳动物一样体表有毛,体腔中有膈,幼仔以母兽的乳汁为食,但是它又具有与爬行动物相似的特征:卵生,即幼仔是由卵孵化出来的,而不像其他哺乳动物那样直接由母体分娩产出.

(1)从鸭嘴兽的特征可以看出,______动物和______动物之间存在着较近的亲缘关系.

(2)从鸭嘴兽的特征我们可以推断,哺乳动物是从______动物进化而来的.

答案

鸭嘴兽是生存于澳大利亚的单孔目特殊哺乳动物,能生蛋.是形成高等哺乳动物的进化环节,在动物进化上有很大的科学研究价值.所谓单孔目动物,是指处于爬行纲动物与哺乳纲动物中间的一种动物.它虽比爬行纲动物进步,但尚未进化到纯粹的哺乳动物.两者相同之处在于都用肺呼吸,身上长毛,且是恒温;而单孔目动物又以产卵方式繁殖,因此保留了爬行动物的重要特性.它虽被列入哺乳纲,但又没有哺乳纲动物的完整特征.是最原始最低级的哺乳纲,在动物分类学上叫做“原兽亚纲”或称为单孔目卵生哺乳动物.其寿命约为10~15年.它是最古老而又十分原始的哺乳动物,早在2500万年前就出现了.它本身的构造,提供了哺乳动物由爬行类进化而来的许多证据.

故答案为:(1)哺乳; 爬行

  (2)爬行

完形填空
完形填空。
     In 1977, a dead author of detective stories saved the life of a 19-month-old baby in a most unusual way.
The author was Agatha Christie, one of the most successful writers of detective stories in the world.
     In June 1977, a baby girl became seriously ill in Qatar, near Saudi Arabia. Doctors were unable to   1   
the cause of her illness, so she   2   to London and admitted to Hammersmith Hospital, where specialist help
was   3  . She was then only half-conscious (半昏迷) and on the "Dangerously Ill" list. A team of doctors
hurried to   4   the baby only to discover that they,   5  , were puzzled by the very unusual symptoms. While
they were discussing the baby's case, a nurse asked to   6   to them.
     "Excuse me," said nurse Marsha Maitland, "  7   I think the baby is   8   from thallium poisoning."
     "  9   makes you think that?" Dr. Brown asked. "Thallium poisoning is extremely  10  ."
     "A few days ago, I was reading a novel called A Pale Horse  11  Agatha Christie," Nurse Maitland explained.
"In the book, somebody uses thallium poison, and  12  the symptoms are  13 . They are exactly the same as the
baby's."
     "You're very observant and you may be right," another doctor said. "We'll  14  some tests and find out  15 
 it's thallium or not."
     The  16  showed that the baby had  17  been poisoned by thallium, a rare metal used in making optical (光学
的) glass.  18  they knew the cause of illness, the doctors were able to give the correct treatment. The baby
soon  19  and was sent back to Qatar. Inquiries (调查) showed that the poison  20  from an insecticide (杀虫剂)
used in Qatar.
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判断题