问题 改错题

材料一:辛亥革命老人吴玉章在自己的回忆文章中写道:“甲午战败的消息使全中国为之震动。从前我国还只是被西方大国打败过,现在竟被东方的小国打败了,而且失败的那样惨,条约又订得那样苛刻,这是多么大的耻辱啊!”

材料二:清政府割让辽东半岛、台湾和澎湖列岛给日本;赔偿兵费白银2亿两;增开沙市、重庆、苏州、杭州为通商口岸;日本人可以在通商口岸投资设厂等。

材料三:据报道,有记者问:“2014年是中日甲午战争爆发120周年。中方如何看待中日关系的未来?”外交部发言人表示,“前事不忘,后事之师。今天的中国已不再是120年前的中国,我们完全有能力、有信心捍卫自己的国家主权,领土完整和民族尊严”。

阅读上述材料,结合所学知识,回答下列问题:

(1)材料一中“从前我国还只是被西方大国打败过”,请列举两例史实说明。(4分)

(2)日本这个“东方的小国”通过哪次改革走上了资本主义道路,成为具侵略性的强国?清政府战败的根本原因是什么?(2分)

(3)材料二是什么条约的主要内容?它的签订给中国造成的最严重危害是什么?(2分)

(4)你认为材料三中外交部发言人表示“我们完全有能力、有信心捍卫自己的国家主权,领土完整和民族尊严”的根本原因是什么?今天,作为中学生怎样做才能最好地体现爱国主义精神?(2分)

答案

(1)鸦片战争(1分),清政府被英国打败(1分);第二次鸦片战争(1分),清政府被英、法联军打败(1分)。

(2)明治维新(1分);腐朽没落的封建主义不能对抗新兴的资本主义(或清政府腐败无能)(1分)。

(3)《马关条约》(1分);中国的半殖民地化程度大大加深(1分)。

(4)根本原因:我国综合国力的提高(1分)。怎样做:我们青少年学生应该好好学习,关心国家大事,为将来报效国家、贡献自己的聪明才智做好各种准备(意思相近即可)(1分)。

题目分析:(1)依据所学知识甲午中日战争前打败过战争及国家有鸦片战争,清政府被英国打败,中国国门被打开,开始沦为半殖民地半封建社会;第二次鸦片战争,清政府被英、法联军打败,中国半殖民地半封建社会程度大大加深。中法战争等

(2)依据所学日本通过明治维新走上了资本主义发展的道路,由此摆脱了殖民统治,并走上了对外侵略扩张的道路;甲午中日战争中国战败的根本原因在于腐朽落后的封建制度,清政府的腐败无能。

(3)依据所学材料内容割台湾、辽东半岛、澎湖列岛及其附属岛屿给日本,赔款二亿两白银等内容属于《马关条约》的内容;马关条约的签订使中国半殖民地半封建社会程度大大加深。

(4)依据所学,现在国家与国家之间的较量是建立在经济和科技实力为基础的综合国力的较量,要想屹立于世界民族之林,就必须不断增强综合国力,对于青年学生应该爱国,学习、报效祖国等。

单项选择题
阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Have you ever heard the story of the four-minute miles? Many years ago, people believed that it was

impossible for a human being to run a mile in less than four minutes until Roger Banister proved it wrong in

1954.

     What happens if you put an animal in a pond? Any animal, big or small, will swim its way through. What

happens when someone, who doesn't know how to swim, falls in deep waters? They drown. If an animal who

has not learnt swimming could escape by swimming, why not you? Because you believe you will drown while

the animal doesn't.

     Have you ever wondered why the letters are organized in a particular order on your keyboard? You might

have thought it is to increase the typing speed. Most people never question it. But the fact is that this system

was developed to reduce the typing speed at a time when typewriter parts would jam if the operator typed too

fast.

     These three cases show the power of our beliefs. There is no other more powerful directing force in human

behavior than belief. Your beliefs have the power to create and to destroy. A belief delivers command to your

nervous system.

     I used a snake in my workshops for children to show them how unrealistic some of their beliefs are.

Students of a school in India, said snakes are slippery and slimy and poisonous. After doing an exercise for

changing beliefs, they handled my snake and found it to be dry and clean. They also remembered that only

three types of poisonous snakes exist in India.

     Did this story end the way you thought? Review your beliefs now and find out which ones you need to

change?

1. In the author's opinion, if a person in deep water doesn't know how to swim, he will drown because _____. [ ]

A. he is afraid of water

B.he believes he will drown

C. he hasn't learnt to swim before

D. he doesn't want to live in the world

2. The author thinks that the letters organized in a particular order on your keyboard in order to _____. [ ]

A. save more space

B. satisfy the operator

C. reduce one's typing speed

D increase one's typing speed

3. The main idea of this passage should be that _____. [ ]

A. Beliefs are very powerful

B. Beliefs make us seem stupid

C. Changing your beliefs now is necessary

D. People should always believe in themselves