问题 写作题

大作文(50分)

一位哲人说:“成功和失败,都是人生的十字路口,从零开始,才可能有永远的新天地。”

另一位哲人说:“一个人可以弃旧图新,可以再接再厉,却不能从零开始。因为历史是一个永远的存在。”

请根据以上材料写一篇文章,可以谈见解,可以叙事抒情,自定立意,自选文体,自拟标题,不少于800字。诗歌戏剧除外。

答案

范文一:欲穷千里目

“欲穷千里目,更上一层楼”,千百年前,登高望远的诗人给予我们“善假于物”的智慧。牛顿也说过:“我之所以看得更远,是因为我站在了巨人的肩膀上。”故但凡成大事、求大智者,莫不善用前人的精神要义、文明精华。“从零开始”,实在是一种不可取的做法。

且何谓“从零开始”?人类文明薪尽火传,代代延续,难道要由刀耕火种开始,另辟蹊径?那么神农受断肠之苦,仓颉苦作数十载,孔子编《春秋》,司马迁忍辱负重,一切的艰辛又所为何事?

便单就个人而言,无论苦难挫折或成功喜悦都是人生财富,每个人都在经历中成长。孟母断织,孟轲便知为事当持之以恒;陶母退鱼,陶侃学得为官当清廉,自此公物不敢有所近。假若抛弃过去,那么人生便成断层,只怕左右碰壁,到头来都难有成就。

历览前贤,莫不从自身历史中自励,从自身经历中获益。

老子曾为监书吏,故能博览群书,学贯古今。至于尔后《道德经》的传世,更可为佐证。孔子曾请教关于“礼”的问题,事后向学生大赞老子为蛟龙,只可仰视而无法阅尽。

子房运筹帷幄,决胜千里,同样得益于黄石老人所授《太公兵法》。设想,张良若无此巧遇,恐怕也难得传世美誉。

鲁迅先生留日学医,自一次课堂经历悟得国之所弱,根源在于民众精神而不在于身体,于是毅然弃医从文。倘先生无此经历,只怕中国文学史上便少了这样一位钢铁战士。

故前人智慧不可抛、经验不可弃,更不能一味讲求“从零开始”。倘单是学识、智慧从零开始,最多愚昧,吃力不讨好而已,但若连历史都妄图“从零开始”,只怕民族将不成其为民族,人民将没有精神归宿,成为一盘散沙了。

近代挨打的历史致使国人深羡西方先进的科技,进而连文化也羡慕起来了。“愚人节”、“情人节”、“圣诞节”大有赶超中国传统节日之势。只怕忘了本,一味模仿,到头来搞得自己中不中,西不西,邯郸学步,弄不清楚自己到底来自何方了。

外族入侵的屈辱,南京大屠杀的仇恨,台湾分裂的沉重,又何尝不是激励我们前进的精神财富呢?更何况“从零开始”,起点就真的是零了吗?历史不容逃避,现实不容退缩,唯有正视、超越,才能在废墟中建起一个全新的世界。

唯有立足过去,善采纳善吸取,一个人才能走得更远,站得更高;唯有立足历史,善总结善传承,一个民族才能以不败之姿屹立于世界之林。

点评:文章运用古诗作标题,引人注目且含蓄地表达了自己的观点。开头引用诗句及名言引出自己的观点“从零开始,实在是一种不可取的做法”后,接着从人类文明、古代名人及个人进一步论证文章的观点,然后从正反两个方面,结合历史及现状进行分析,有力地论证了“从零开始,实在是一种不可取的做法”的观点,最后结尾采用较为整齐的句式对全文进行总结概括。全文内容充实,联想丰富,洋溢着深沉的文化底蕴,充满浓郁的诗情哲理,语言简洁清新,文笔错落有致,给人以语言艺术美的享受。

范文二:从零开始

上个世纪的一个黎明,在巴黎乡下,一位大文豪“每天拼命工作,不接待来访,不看报纸,按时看日出……”

这位大文豪用自己的行动在告诉我们:让每一天“从零开始”。

清泉寺旁,兰溪水畔,是谁在吟诵:“谁道人生无再少?门前流水尚能西,休将白发唱黄鸡。”

是苏轼,这位大词人以豪情来鼓励我们:让心中的人生“从零开始”。

从零开始,是要我们将心置于原点,不要让过去的失败牵绊前行的双脚,不要让过去的成功黏住信念的发条,将心境归于平和,让人生再回“年少”。

从零开始,于是有了珠穆朗玛从海底崛起的巍峨壮观,于是有了“冬天来了,春天就不会远”的期盼,于是有了“月缺花残莫怆然”的宽慰。

这里有白手起家的传奇故事,世界首富比尔•盖茨,不就是身揣两美元而来的吗?他并没有因贫穷困苦而懊恼命运,他只是将自己放在两美元的起点,起跑、飞奔……

这里有蹶而复起的盖世英雄,前苏联一位飞行员截腿安上假肢之后,以惊人的毅力重新站起,再度继续他的飞行生涯。

正是对“从零开始”的信赖和执著,成就了这两段成功的人生。

从零开始,圆了多少人的梦想,回报了多少人的辛劳?反思自己,是否仍每日赖在被窝里迟迟不起,恨不得每日清晨日落西?是否仍在命运的弯路岔路蒙面痛哭,悔不当初?丢失了回到起点的信心和勇气?

不要在一旁空叹“船到江心补漏迟”,请余出空闲将记忆的钟表调到零点,让你怀着零时的希望与抱负重新投入你的追求——满怀热情,而不是满怀悔恨的追求。

从零开始,撇开旧日的辉煌与黯然,迎接新一天的美好时光。

看,那浴火的凤凰,已重生了!

点评:本文思想健康,内容充实,语言凝练。在表达上,行文流畅,结构严谨,如开头写福楼拜和苏轼,各用两段,段落和句式非常相似,文中多处以“从零开始”作为段落开头,照应题目。在情感上,整篇作文情绪饱满,真情洋溢,多处直接抒情,如“从零开始,是要我们将心置于原点”“ 从零开始,撇开旧日的辉煌与黯然,迎接新一天的美好时光”。恰当的引用也是本文的亮点,如“船到江心补漏迟”“于是有了‘冬天来了,春天就不会远’的期盼,于是有了‘月缺花残莫怆然’的宽慰”,看似随意插入,却是作者的匠心独运。

题目分析:乍看这两则材料,两位哲人对是否“从零开始”这一问题的看法产生了分歧,甚至形成对立,如果就此草率地以某一方面的论点作为中心论点,在论述中难免会顾此失彼,违背了全面理解材料的原则。怎样运用辩证的思维将看似矛盾对立的两个观点统一起来呢?深入分析材料便不难发现,前者劝导人们要有向前看的眼光,对于过去的失败与成功,要有从头再来的勇气和再接再厉的恒心;而后者提醒人们,在迈步前行时,也不要忘了积累和记取历史的经验与教训,更不要忘了历史的责任与时代的嘱托。把两方面结合起来,进行辩证的分析,就可以确立中心,涉笔成文了。

零,是一个数学概念,在我们的习惯思维中代表着没有。然而,我们仔细一想,零并不等于什么也没有,如零度就表示一个温度值。它也不只是数学中的一个概念,在我们生活中就有“从零开始”等复杂的意蕴。

从零开始,就是把过去作为起点;不能从零开始,就是超越已经走过的历史。两者说法不一,前者是假定的,后者是实在的。能否从零开始,就看你从什么角度去分析问题,是现实的还是哲学的,只要言之成理即可。我们可以选择一些被人们忽视的、看似简单平凡的琐事小事,以“零”为切入口,写出一篇蕴含着生活哲理的好文章。比如,成功是每个人都渴望的最美好的境界,成功意味着事业有成,人生有了收获。但要取得成功,必须经历一番风雨,经受一番磨难。如何对待这些风雨和磨难;成功以后如何看待取得的成就;是从失败中崛起,走向成功,还是忘记过去,“从零开始”,创造永远的新天地?据此可以写成一篇议论文,发表自己的看法。在追求成功的过程中,你遇到了哪些坎坷,你克服了哪些困难,你获得什么启发,是如何“从零开始”的,把这些经历写成一篇记叙文,既扣题意,又真实而生动。当然还可以通过编写童话、神话、寓言故事、小小说等来表现有关“从零开始”的各种哲理。

阅读理解

I never saw my father home from work late or ill, nor did I ever see my father take a “night out with the boys”. He had no bobbies but just took care of his family.

For 22 years, since I left home for college, my father called me every Sunday at 9:00 am. He was always interested in my life-how my family was doing. The calls even came when he and my mother were in Australia, England or Florida.

Nine years ago when I bought me first house, my father, 67 years old, spent eight hours a day for three days, painting my house. He would not allow me to pay someone to have it done. All he asked, was a glass of iced tea, and that I hold a paintbrush for him and talk to him. But I was too busy, for I had a law practice to run, and I could not take the time to hold the paintbrush, or talk to my father.

Five years ago, my 71-year-old father spent five hours putting together a swing set(秋千)for my daughter. Again, all he asked was that I get him a glass of iced tea, and talk to him, But again, I had laundry to do, and the house to clean.

The morning on Sunday, January 16, 1995, my father telephoned me as usual, this time he had seemed to have forgotten some things we had discussed the week before. I had to get to church, and I cut the conversation short.

The call came at 4:40 am. That day my father was sent to hospital in Florida. I got on a plane immediately, and I vowed(发誓)that when I arrived, I would make up for the lost time, and have a nice long talk with him ad really get to know him.

I arrived in Florida at 1:00 am, but my father had passed away at 9:12 pm. This time it was he who did not have time to talk, or time to wait for me.

In the years since his death I have learnt much about my father, and even more about every single day.

小题1: We know from the reading that the father_____.

A.liked to paint houses

B.had no friends around him

C.was not healthy in his youth

D.thought of his family as his all小题2: When her father painted her first house, the daughter_____.

A.could only afford a glass of iced tea

B.was too busy to talk to her father

C.could do nothing but hold a paintbrush

D.spent eight hours a day working with her father小题3: On January 16, 1996, the daughter felt that her father_____.

A.seemed to be a little different

B.had no time to phone her as usual

C.became interested in church

D.had forgotten to discuss some things with her小题4:In the reading the underlined phrase ‘get to know him’ most probably means_____.

A.get him to know her

B.know more about him

C.get him to know himself

D.make him well-known小题5: Which is the best title of the reading?

A.Painting Houses

B.Daughter’s Family

C.Father and I

D.Father’s phone calls

单项选择题 A1/A2型题