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王安忆在复旦大研究生院毕业典礼上对即将毕业的研究生们说:“首先,我建议你们不要尽想着有用,而更多地想些无用的价值。这个世界上有用的事物已经太多了,所有的因果逻辑都是循着用途连接和推动,那些边缘的次要的性质从因果链上碎裂下来,被淘汰出局。生活和人生本是弥漫的氤氲般的形状,质地也具有弹性,如今越来越被过滤干净,因而变得光滑,坚硬,并且单一。”

读了王安忆的话,你有何感想?请联系实际写一篇议论文

要求:(1).自选角度,自定立意,自拟标题。(2).不要脱离材料内容及含义的范围,联系实际,不要套作,不得抄袭。(3).书写工整,字数不少于800字。

答案

参考例文:

有用与无用

风萧萧处,多少莘莘学子星夜兼程赴考场;温柔乡里,多少贪官污吏机关算尽赴名利;平凡城市,多少工作家庭拼命工作求生存;一国一家,多少人物大笔一挥便是发展图强。

倘将上述均归为“有用”之行列,试问岂不是过于草率?“急之国”的人们,可以为的是名利,但大多只为了生存。

当然,这绝不曾与“无用”相违背,因为“无用”并非简单的时间挥霍,更多只是精神诉求、心态平和。可以想见,提“贫家子弟”的人只是在混淆概

然而放眼大千世界,“有用”、“无用”已成为一对互不共生的矛盾,原因很简单,“有用”看不清“无用”的价值,“无用”也不明白“有用”的意义。于是一边高举儒家大旗,一路高歌猛进;一边却心浸老庄思想,躺在室外桃源。不过倒也奇怪,儒家华丽外衣里包裹的只是名利,而非急躁,与速度毫无关系。子曰:“欲速则不达。”心急气躁如何能求得名利?倒是黄老学说彻底无为,无为成为避世,自然无法成为主流价值观。

只能说,提出“无用”之人同样在混淆概念,心急与名利并无必然联系,甚至恰好相反,心急做的只能是无用功。

追本溯源,英国工业革命兴起速度之风,进而世界风行,传至中国亦不能例外。回想马克思﹒韦伯对工业革命的结论:生命本是一张由意义构成的丰富之网,而当下人们早就把这张网给撕破了。

换而言之,“有用”被撕成了“无用”,“无用”进化成为“有用”,甚至成为财富、声誉、地位的代名词。由是,二则本末倒置、南辕北辙、愈演愈烈、一发而不可收拾。

试举一例,一件艺术品究竟有用没用?对艺术家而言,“有用”因为这是自己的生存之道。于是急于求成、粗制滥造、推向市场,遇到一个心求“无用”的买家为粉饰自己本无知的修养,成为“有用”的门脸道具,于是在市场经济体系下恶性循环,艺术家生产出越看似“有用”的“无用”产品,消费者越买进装饰“无用”的“有用”之作,可谓一拍即合。

坚持“无用”的艺术家就算作品真成了无用,大概也会用心将其成为“有用”。灵感孕育激情、汇聚洒脱,泼墨写意,正如品茗一般,三月不知肉味,倘若遇一知己子期,纵是一生潦倒也无复何求。

见高更情愿放弃城市生活与野人同吃同住,梭罗身由心往,居瓦尔登湖畔。

伴随实用主义的大厦将倾,恐怕人们才会明白“有用”引人前行,而“无用”才是生命的归宿啊。

题目分析:古希腊哲学家普罗泰戈拉说:“人是万物的尺度。”人总是喜欢用自己的标准来衡量别的事物,却不知人类的标准并不能放诸四海而皆准。天下没有绝对、孤立的标准。我们到底该怎样进行价值判断呢?

第一、不要太功利。人的某种欲望特别强烈时,常常一叶障目,不见森林,眼里再也看不到别的东西。从商的眼里只有金钱,而抛却了社会良知,于是就有了毒奶粉、地沟油;当官的眼里只有权力,而淡忘了自身的责任,于是就有了贪污受贿、玩忽职守……当我们眼里只有“功利”二字时,自私、冷漠、狭隘就会相伴而生。因此,凡事不能太功利。即使是学习,我们也要知道,在所谓的知识之外,亲情、友情、道德、责任等等同样非常重要。

第二、眼光要长远。“有用”与“无用”是相对的概念,在一定的条件下,两者可以互相转化。也许有一天,主要的、核心的东西,会变成将要的、边缘的东西,反之亦然。如果只顾眼前,难免会对所谓“有用的”过度攫取。因此,价值判断还需要具备长远的眼光。

阅读理解

Mr. Jenkins is fifty years old. He has taught math in a middle school for twenty-six years. He works hard and always comes to his office on time. He hopes his students can be honest and he is strict with them. Some of his students become famous persons, but they still remember him and often write to him. Of course the old man is proud of it.

This term he began to teach Grade One. Some of the new students were told about him, but the others didn’t know him well. He told them how to be an honest person. He gave them several examples and said, “ I hate telling a lie most.”

Before class was over, he told all his students to finish Exercise 8 in Unit 1. The next morning, as soon as he came into the classroom, he said, “Who has finished Exercise 8?”

A few students put up their hands. He shook his head and said. “Open your workbooks and see whether there’s Exercise 8 in Unit 1 or not.”

The students had a look at their books and their faces turned red at once.

小题1:Mr. Jenkins began to work in the school when he was ________.

A. twenty-two      B. twenty-three        C. twenty-four

小题2:What is Mr. Jenkins proud of?

A. All his students have become honest.

B. All his students often write to him.

C. Some of his students become famous and often write to him.

小题3:Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. This term Mr. Jenkins began to teach Grade One.

B. All the new students knew him well.

C. Not all the students put up their hands.

小题4:Mr. Jenkins told his students to finish Exercise 8 in Unit 1 because_____.

A. he wanted to know if they were honest.     

B. he wanted to give them an example

C. it was very important

小题5:The students’ face turned red because_________.

A. they made Mr. Jenkins angry        

B. they told a lie in class

C. they didn’t finish the exercise

单项选择题