问题 单项选择题

学习迁移:指一种学习对另一种学习的影响,即已获得的知识经验、知识结构、动作技能、学习态度、策略和方法等与新知识、新技能之间所发生的影响。 下列选项中,没有体现学习迁移能力的是( )。

A.利用几何方法证明黄赤交角

B.当我们遇到疑难问题感到无所适从时,联想以前发生的类似场景,从经验中寻找解决问题的方法

C.小张喜欢某个足球明星,刚开始只喜欢他的球技,但慢慢开始关注他生活的全部

D.篮球运动员在学习推铅球时,一开始总是习惯于沿弧线抛球,而难以适应沿直线推出铅球的出手动作

答案

参考答案:C

解析: 根据定义,学习迁移是一种学习对另一种学习的影响,C项中小张从喜欢明星的球技至喜欢明星的全部,属于一种爱屋及乌的情感迁移,而非学习迁移。其他三项均符合定义,属于学习迁移。故选C。

阅读理解

阅读理解

     I used to believe in the American dream that meant a job, credit and success.I wanted it and worked

toward it like everyone else, all of us separately chasing the same thing.

     One year, through a series of unhappy events, it all fell apart.I found myself homeless and alone.I had

my truck and $56.I searched the countryside for some place I could rent for the cheapest possible amount.I came upon a deserted cottage in a small remote valley.I hadn’t been alone for 25 years.I was scared,

but I hoped the hard work would distract and heal me.

     I found the owner and rented the place for $50 a month.The locals knew nothing about me.But slowly

they started teaching me the art of being a neighbor.They dropped off blankets, tools and canned deer

meat and began sticking around to chat.They would ask if I wanted to meet cousin Albie or go fishing.

They started to teach me a belief in a different American dream, not the one of individual achievement

but of neighborliness.Men would stop by with wild berries, ice cream or truck parts to see if I was up for

courting.I wasn’t, but they were civil anyway.The women on that mountain worked harder than any I’d

ever met.They taught me how to store food in the stream and keep it cold and safe.I_learned_to_keep_

enough_for_an_extra_plate_for_company.

      What I had believed in, all those things I thought were necessary for a civilized life, were nonexistent

in this place.Up on the mountain, my most valuable possessions were my relationships with my neighbors.

     After four years in that valley, I moved back into town.I saw a lot of people were having a really hard

time, losing their jobs and homes.With the help of a real estate broker (房地产经纪人) I chatted up at

the grocery store, I managed to rent a big enough house to take in a handful of people.It’s four of us now, but over time I’ve had nine come in and move on to other places from here.We’d all be in shelters if we

hadn’t banded together.

     The American dream I believe in now is a shared one.It’s not so much about what I can get for

myself; it’s about how we all can get by together.

1. Before a series of unhappy events happened, the writer________.

A. had a wellpaid job

B. worked hard for his American dream

C. worked hard and liked to share

D. felt hopeless about his American dream

2. What does the underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refer to?

A. The house. 

B. The job.

C. The company.  

D. The American dream.

3. What does the underlined sentence “I learned to...”in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?

A. The writer learned to run a company.

B. The writer learned to share with others.

C. The writer learned to keep enough plates.

D. The writer learned to save money for his company.

4. Why did the writer rent a big house?

A. To make some money.

B. To show off his wealth.

C. To share with those people in need.

D. To make friends with his neighbors.

5. The writer mainly tells us about________.

A. his unhappy experiences

B. the friendly people in the valley

C. the change of his living conditions

D. his new idea of the American dream

问答题

Ⅱ.管道安装工程

背景:

1.某办公楼卫生间给排水系统工程设计,如图2-3所示。

说明:

(1) 图示为某办公楼卫生问,共三层,层高为3m,图中平面尺寸以mm计,标高均以m计。墙体厚度为240mm。

(2) 给水管道均为镀锌钢管,螺纹连接。给水管道与墙体的中心距离为200mm。

(3) 卫生器具全部为明装,安装要求均符合《全国统一安装工程预算定额》所指定标准

图的要求,给水管道工程量计算至与大便器、小便器、洗面盆支管连接处止。其安装方式为:蹲式大便器为手压阀冲洗,挂式小便器为延时自闭式冲洗阀;洗脸盆为普通冷水嘴;混凝土拖布池为500mm×600mm落地式安装,普通水龙头,排水地漏带水封;立管检查口设在一、三层排水立管上,距地面0.5m处。

(4) 给排水管道穿外墙均采用防水钢管套,穿内墙及楼板均采用普通钢管套。

(5) 给排水管道安装完毕,按规范进行消毒、冲洗、水压试验和试漏。

给水管道系统及卫生器具有关分部分项工程量清单项目的统一编码,见表2-6。

2.某单位参与投标一碳钢设备制作安装项目,该设备净重1000kg,其中:设备筒体部分净重750kg,封头、法兰等净重为250kg。该单位根据类似设备制作安装资料确定本设备制作安装有关数据如下。

(1) 设备筒体制作安装钢材损耗率为8%,封头、法兰等钢材损耗率为50%。钢材平均价格为6000元/t。其他辅助材料费为2140元。

(2) 基本用工:基本工作时间为100小时,辅助工作时间为24小时,准备与结束工作时间为20小时,其他必须耗用时间为工作延续时间的10%。其他用工(包括超运距和辅助用工)为5个工日。人工幅度差为12%。综合工日单价为50元。

(3) 施工机械使用费为2200元。

(4) 企业管理费、利润分别按人工费的60%、40%计算。

[问题]

根据背景2的数据,计算碳钢设备制作安装工程的以下内容,并写出其计算过程:

(1) 计算该设备制作安装需要的钢材、钢材综合损耗率、材料费用;

(2) 计算该设备制作安装的时间定额(基本用工),该台设备制作安装企业所消耗工日数量、人工费用。

(3) 计算出该设备制作安装的工程量清单综合单价。

(计算结果均保留2位小数)