问题 问答题

试析我国现行宪法规定的“公民在法律面前一律平等”的内涵。

答案

参考答案:

(1)平等不仅是我国公民的一项基本权利,也是社会主义法制的一项基本原则。(3分)

(2)公民不分民族、种族、性别、职业、家庭出身、宗教信仰、教育程度、财产状况、居住期限,都一律平等地享有宪法和法律规定的在政治、社会、经济和文化等一切领域内的权利,也都平等地履行宪法和法律规定的义务,即守法上的平等。(3分)

(3)任何人的合法权益都一律平等地受到保护,对违法行为一律依法予以追究,不允许任何违法犯罪分子逍遥法外,即司法上的平等。(3分)

(4)在法律面前,不允许任何公民享有法律以外的特权,任何人不得强迫任何公民承担法律以外的义务,不得使公民受到法律以外的处罚,即反对特权。(3分)

(5)从性质上讲,我国宪法确定的平等权是适用法律和司法上的平等,而不是立法上的平等。(3分)

解析:

本题考查了平等权。平等权是公民基本权利的第一权。考生在掌握公民的平等权时,应注意以下几点:

(1)平等权在宪法上的经典表述是“中华人民共和国公民在法律面前一律平等”,平等权既是公民的一项基本权利,也是我国宪法的基本原则;

(2)平等权的主体是全体公民,意味着全体公民法律地位平等;

(3)平等权作为公民的基本权利自然也是国家的基本义务,国家的基本义务主要体现在:国家有义务无差别地保护每一个公民的平等地位和合法权利,对违法行为一律依法平等予以追究;

(4)平等权意味着公民平等地享有权利和履行义务,反对特权,反对歧视;

(5)从基本权利和公民其他权利的关系的角度来看,平等权是贯穿于公民其他权利的一项权利,它通过其他权利,如男女平等、民族平等、受教育权平等而具体化;

(6)平等权反对差别对待,但若有进行差别对待的合理理由则除外,即平等权不仅包括形式上的平等,也包括实质上的平等,如民族平等、男女平等和对特定主体的保护等。

完形填空

第二节完型填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I hired a carpenter to help me restore an old farmhouse. After he had just finished a rough first day on the job, a   16   tire made him lose an hour of work, his electric saw   17   and now his ancient pickup truck refused to   18  . While I drove him home, he sat in stony silence.   19  arriving, he invited me in to meet his family.
As we walked toward the front door, he paused  20   at a small tree, touching tips of the  21   with his hands.
When opening the door, he   22   an amusing transformation. His brown face was covered with   23   and he hugged his two small children and gave his wife a kiss.
After leaving the  24   family, I passed the tree and my curiosity got the   25   of me. I asked him, who   26   me to the car, “Before we went in,  27   did you stop by the tree earlier”
“Oh, that’s my trouble tree,” he replied, “I know I can’t help having  28   on the job and in my life, but those troubles don’t   29   in the house with my wife and children. I know I can control one thing for 30  . I can hang them up on the tree every night  31   I come home. Then in the morning I pick them up again before I  32   for work.”
“ 33   thing is,” he smiled, “when I come out in the morning to pick them up, there aren’t nearly as  34   as I remember  35   up the night before.”
16.A.broken     B.terrible     C.flat    D.fantastic
17.A.quit   B.deleted     C.declined    D.reduced
18.A.ride   B.increase    C.perform    D.start
19.A.Before      B.On    C.Immediately     D.Directly

2,4,6

 
20.A.shortly     B.briefly      C.quietly      D.straight

21.A.trucks       B.leaves       C.branches   D.shoots
22.A.went by    B.went over C.went off   D.went through
23.A.smiles      B.sorrow      C.confidence       D.doubts
24.A.happy       B.large C.complex   D.modern
25.A.worse       B.better       C.more D.less
26.A.drove       B.sent   C.instructed  D.walked
27.A.how  B.who  C.why  D.where
28.A.matters     B.troubles    C.questions  D.worries
29.A.belong      B.insert C.include     D.provide
30.A.instance    B.ages  C.purpose    D.sure
31.A.when B.since C.because     D.if
32.A.ask    B.come C.leave D.look
33.A.Frightful  B.Funny      C.Strange     D.Accessible
34.A.much       B.few   C.little  D.many
35.A.picking     B.holding     C.hanging    D.giving
单项选择题