问题 单项选择题

Swan-Ganz导管置入过程中,重要的定位标志是()。

A.出现3个向上和与之相对应的3个向下的综合波

B.出现明显高大的、如同平方根样的波形

C.出现如同动脉压相似的波形,有收缩相、重搏切迹和舒张相

D.出现小而乱的特殊波形

E.出现圆钝而有规律的波形

答案

参考答案:B

单项选择题

For years pediatricians didn’t worry much about treating hypertension in their patients. After all, kids grow so fast, it’s hard keeping up with their shoes size, let alone their blood pressure. Sure, hypertension in adults places them at greater risk of heart attack and stroke. But nobody likes the idea of starting youngsters on blood-pressure medicine they could wind up taking the rest of their lives. Who knows what previously unheard-of side effects could crop up after five or six decades of daily use

The rationale has been: kids grow out of so many things; maybe they’ll grow out of this too.

41.Now, though, comes word that high blood pressure can be destructive even in childhood.

42.Who is most at risk

Boys are more than girls, especially boys who are overweight. Their heart works so hard to force blood through extra layers of fat that its walls grow denser. Then, after decades of straining, it grows too big to pump blood very well.

43.How can you tell if yours are like the 670,000 American children ages 10 to 18 with high blood pressure

It’s not the sort of thing you can catch by putting your child’s arm in a cuff at the free monitoring station in your local grocery. You should have a test done by a doctor, who will consult special tables that indicate the normal range of blood pressure for a particular child’s age, height and sex.

44.About half the cases of hypertension stem directly from kids being overweight.

45.How can you do

You can keep your children from joining their ranks by clearing the junk food from your pantry and hooking you kids — the earlier the better — on healthy, attractive snakes like fruits (try freezing some grapes/or carrot sticks with salsa. ) Not only will they lower your children’s blood pressure: These foods will also boost their immune system and unclog their plumbing.

43()

A.And the problem is likely to grow. Over the past 30 years the proportion of children in the U. S. who are overweight has doubled, from 5% to 11% or 4.7 million kids.

B.According to a recent report in the journal Circulation, 19 of 30 children with high blood pressure developed a dangerous thickening of the heart muscle that, in adults at least, has been linked to heart failure. “No one knows if this pattern holds true for younger patients as well, ” says Dr. Stephen Daniels, a pediatric cardiologist who led the study at Children’s Hospital Medical Center in Cincinnati, Ohio. “But it’s worrisome. ”

C.Feed your children nutritious foods three times a day to keep his immune system healthy. Make sure the meals include all the food groups to ensure they are getting plenty of vitamins.

D.Fortunately the abnormal thickening can be spotted by ultrasound. And in most case, getting that blood pressure under control — through weight loss and exercise or, as a last resort, drug treatment — allows the overworked muscle to shrink to normal size.

E.If the doctor finds an abnormal result he will repeat the test over a period of months to make sure the reading isn’t a fake. He’ll also check, whether other conditions, like kidney disease, could be the source of the trouble, because hypertension is hard to be detected. The National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute recommends annual blood-pressure checks for every child over age 3.

F.High blood pressure isn’t just an issue for adults; keeping kids blood pressure levels in a healthy range is also important. In a new study reported in Hypertension, researchers found that increased exercise duration among kids leads to lower blood pressure levels, however the same cannot be said for increased intensity.

G.Meanwhile, make sure your kids spend more time on the playground than with their PlayStation. Even if they don’t shed a pound, vigorous exercise will help keep their blood vessels nice and wide, lowering their blood pressure. And of course, they’ll be more likely to eat light and, exercise if you set a good example.

阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文字,完成(1)~(4)小题。

“思想者”的迷惘

  法兰西失尽海外的殖民地,巴黎永远是世界艺术崇敬者的麦加。罗丹的“思想者”高踞于自家庭院里,天天接待来自全世界各色人种的瞻仰与膜拜。巴黎的地铁靠近罗丹博物馆的那一站,站台两壁张挂的全部是罗丹作品的巨幅照片,是旅游广告,是民族骄傲。

  出国成潮。那潮,起于贫穷落后的国度,人们涌向西方发达国家,去学习、谋生、乞讨。立志自救的中国改革开放,促进了经济、文化的交流。潮去潮来,换了人间。罗丹的“思想者”初次出国,首先来到北京,落座于中国美术馆,在东方人流中仍苦苦思索。

  与印象主义绘画同步,罗丹冲破学院式雕刻一味精微描写对象形似的局限,毫不掩饰捏塑与劈凿的手感,淋漓尽致地表现对象的造型特征,探求雕塑之所以独立为雕塑的本质美感。在展拓现代造型领域的同时,罗丹深深扎根于人间社会,他的美感诞生于人生的悲欢:加莱义民、地狱之门、行走的人、夏娃、娼妇、爱之吻、造物之手……雕刻家罗丹是思想者。这样一位巨匠经历了时间和地域的考验,其伟大和光芒与日俱增。曾是西方阳春白雪的罗丹,面对今日中国观众,已是满城唱和的下里巴人了。从罗丹引申发展的布尔特尔、马约、亨利摩、杰克梅蒂……他们比罗丹走得更远,中国人民似乎尚看不真切。今罗丹既来,他们的被邀也应在期待中了。

  世界上不少国家的元首访问过北京。他们百忙中大都抽空看看长城,唯有法国的蓬皮杜先生宁可不看长城,提出要看云冈石窟。当时周恩来同志陪同去欣赏了祖国的瑰宝。今日并非元首的“思想者”来京,谁来招待贵宾?我多么盼望请霍去病墓及西安博物馆的汉唐雕刻群前来陪客。与罗丹作品展同时,展出我国古代雕刻。“思想者”从未见过这些东方古代雕刻原作,他将为之吃惊,古代东方原是现代西方的知音!被人们仰止了一个世纪的“思想者”面对一二十个世纪前的无名氏之作,他将更坠入深深的迷惘中吧?

(1)本文标题和结句两次用了“迷惘”一词。下列各项疑问中不属于文中所说的“迷惘”范围的两项是(     )

A.霍去病墓及西安博物馆的汉唐雕刻群,为什么至今一直不被人重视?

B.全世界艺术崇敬者的麦加,究竟应在西方还是东方?

C.芸芸众生的悲欢离合,各色人种的瞻仰膜拜,到底因为什么?

D.西方的阳春白雪,面对今日中国观众,为什么竟变成了下里巴人?

E.一二十世纪前,对雕塑的本质美感怎么会理解得那么深?

(2)第四段,作者说“盼望”请汉唐雕刻群前来陪客。下列各项中对作者这种盼望做出正确解释的一项是(     )

A.汉唐雕刻群比云岗石窟的历史更悠久,成就也更高。

B.“思想者”并非元首,只有艺术家或艺术品适宜作陪。

C.汉唐雕刻群能反映罗丹在艺术上的某种探求。

D.对罗丹这样的艺术大师理应向其展示我们东方的艺术珍品。

(3)第一段首句表达了不止一层意思。试围绕该句主旨逐层简析。

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(4)第三段反映了作者对罗丹艺术成就的评价。请把这些评价提取出来,逐点加以概括。(每点不超过12个字)

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