问题 问答题 简答题

天车用电动机常见的故障有哪些?

答案

参考答案:

天车用电动机常见的故障有:

(1)电动机响声不正常可能产生的原因是:轴承有损坏或缺少润滑油;定子相间有接错处;定子铁心压得不牢;转子回路有一相呈开路;电动机轴与减速器轴不同心等。

(2)电动机振动可能产生的原因有:电动机轴与减速器轴不同心;轴承间隙大;转子变形过大;绕组内有断线处;地脚螺栓松动等。

(3)接电后电动机不旋转可能产生的原因有:熔断器内的熔丝烧断;过电流继电器断开;起动设备接触不良;定子绕组有断线处;接线盒内6个接线端接错等。

(4)电动机过热可能产生的原因有:电动机超载;电源电压低于或高于规定值;电动机实际接电持续率数值超过额定值;三相电源中或定子绕组中有一相断线;轴承润滑不良;通风不好。

(5)电动机达不到额定功率,旋转缓慢可能产生的原因有:制动器未完全松开;转子或电枢回路中的起动电阻未完全切除;线路电压下降;机构被卡住。

(6)电刷冒火及集电环烧焦可能产生的原因有:电刷未研磨好;电刷牌号不对;各个电刷间的电流分布不均匀。

(7)电动机运转时转子与定子摩擦可能产生的原因有:轴承磨损;轴承端盖不正;定子或转子铁心变形;定子绕组的线圈连接不对,使磁道不平衡。

(8)空载时转子开路,负载后电动机速度变慢可能产生的原因有:端头连接处发生短路;转子绕组有两处接地;转子电阻开路。

阅读理解

Five years ago, David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day.“I was a clothes addict(有瘾的人)”he jokes.“I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled.” Today David wears casual(不经意的,随意的) clothes—khaki pants (裤子)and a sports shirt—to the office. He hardly ever wears a necktie.“I am working harder than ever.”David says,“and I need to feel comfortable.”

More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work. In the United States, the change from formal to casual office wear has been gradual. In the early 1990s, many companies allowed their employees to wear casual clothes on Friday(but only on Friday).This became known as“dress-down Friday”or“casual Friday”.“What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for employees has really become an everyday thing.”said business Maisly Jones.

Why have so many companies started allowing their employees to wear casual clothes? One reason is that it’s easier for a company to attract new employees if it has a casual dress code.” “A lot of young people don’t want to dress up for work,” says the owner of a software company,“so it’s hard to hire people if you have a conservative(保守的)dress code.”Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes. In a study conducted by Levi Strauss and Company, 85 percent of employers said that they believe that casual dress improves employee morale(心境,士气). Only 4 percent of employers said that casual dress has a negative influence on productivity. Supporters of casual office wear also argue that a casual dress code helps them save money. “Suits are expensive, if you have to wear one every day,”one person said. “For the same amount of money, you can buy a lot more casual clothes.”

小题1:David Smith refers to himself as having been“a clothes addict,”because      .

A.he often wore khaki pants and a sports shirt

B.he couldn’t stand a clean appearance

C.he wanted his clothes to look neat all the time

D.he didn’t want to spend much money on clothes小题2:David Smith wears casual clothes now, because      .

A.they make him feel at ease when working

B.he cannot afford to buy expensive clothes

C.he looks handsome in casual clothes

D.he no longer works for any company小题3:According to this passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A.Company workers started to dress down about twenty years ago.

B.Dress-down has become an everyday phenomenon since the early 90s.

C.“Dress-down Friday”was first given as a favor from employers.

D.Many workers want to wear casual clothes to impress people.小题4:In this passage, the following advantages of casual office wear are mentioned EXCEPT_______

A.saving employees’ money

B.making employees more attractive

C.improving employees’ motivation

D.making employees happier

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