问题 单项选择题 A1型题

预防肺炎,下列哪项措施不是所需的()

A.加强护理和体格锻炼

B.增强小儿体质

C.防止呼吸道感染及呼吸道传染病

D.按时进行计划免疫接种

E.定期应用抗生素

答案

参考答案:E

解析:

这是一道理解记忆题,考核学生对肺炎的病因及诱因掌握的情况,该题错答率不高,主要错选的答案依次是D、C。小儿肺炎与婴幼儿期呼吸系统的解剖生理特点及小儿的免疫特点有关,引起肺炎的诱因主要有:①感染因素;②环境及气候因素;③机体的防御功能。对感染性疾病的预防措施一般分为特异性和非特异性。特异性的一般以特效疫苗预防接种,非特异性的则包括主动的增强体质的措施以及被动的避免接触感染源。本题为否定题,A、B、C包括了上述各非特异性预防措施,故A、B、C选项的说法均是对的。

而D选项内容中有"陷阱",计划免疫是指对法定传染病的特异性预防(如麻疹,乙脑),而非针对肺炎;但不能认为它是错误,因患传染病本身可并发肺炎,以及降低机体抵抗力而致易患肺炎。而E定期应用抗生素的做法,不但不可能达到预防肺炎作用,反而可因抗生素所引起的菌群失调,发生真菌感染及其他医源性问题,因而是绝对错误的。

完形填空
完形填空
The future belongs to those who believe in the beauty of their dreams.
                                                                                                                       -Eleanor Roosevelt
     My home is a place of great beauty and agricultural richness, as well as of war and natural disasters.
When I was only fourteen years old, I was filled with__1__in spite of the terrible surroundings.The families living here, who tried to make their living from the land, __2__great losses.
     I felt sorry especially for the__3__, but I__4__to be hopeless.I decided that where I was, I could do
__5__to help them.I began knocking on every door and saying to each person who__6__my knock, "I
know that you are__7__and give the birds that come to your yard a little__8__.Please consider me your
bird.Give me only a handful of rice each week when I come to your__9__.I will take it to the temple
where it can be given to the__10__children."
     No one seemed to__11__giving me a handful of rice, even__12__they had little themselves.On
Sunday, I would go to the__13__and give my handfuls of rice to the monks to__14__to the children.
     One day, I came to a house that had__15__to give.I told my story and asked if I could be their bird.
The woman called her daughters, and__16__gave me fifty cents, as well as the handful of rice!I began to
ask for__17__and rice from the other "bird feeders", and they gave them to me.Everyone was happy to
be helping those who were suffering, even__18__only this small way.The temple was soon able to help
everyone who came to them for food and clothing.
     " Consider me your bird." My__19__idea had not stopped the war, but anyway, it was__20__some
peace.
( )1. A. sorrow        
( )2. A. suffered      
( )3. A. peasants      
( )4. A. wanted        
( )5. A. something      
( )6. A. said          
( )7. A. glad          
( )8. A. water        
( )9. A. temple        
( )10. A. brave        
( )11. A. mind        
( )12. A. where      
( )13. A. village      
( )14. A. give in      
( )15. A. much      
( )16. A. every      
( )17. A. help        
( )18. A. by        
( )19. A. foolish      
( )20. A. creating    
B. hope        
B. survived    
B. citizens    
B. failed      
B. everything  
B. replied    
B. kind        
B. money      
B. room        
B. hungry      
B. escape      
B. that        
B. hometown    
B. give up    
B. little      
B. each        
B. clothing    
B. with        
B. childish    
B. mending    
C. comfort        
C. covered        
C. villagers      
C. refused        
C. anything      
C. answered      
C. rich          
C. nest          
C. door          
C. promising      
C. practice      
C. so            
C. temple        
C. give away      
C. many        
C. neither        
C. food          
C. on            
C. clever        
C. developing    
D. happiness    
D. made        
D. children    
D. stopped      
D. nothing      
D. spoke        
D. friendly    
D. rice        
D. garden      
D. nervous      
D. enjoy        
D. when        
D. house        
D. give out    
D. few          
D. none        
D. change      
D. in          
D. useful      
D. managing    
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