问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读《出师表》选段,完成后面题目(9分)

臣本布衣,躬耕于南阳,苟全性命于乱世,不求闻达于诸侯。先帝不以臣卑鄙,猥自枉屈,三顾臣于草庐之中,咨臣以当世之事,由是感激,遂许先帝以驱驰。后值倾覆,受任于败军之际,奉命于危难之间,尔来二十有一年矣。

先帝知臣谨慎,故临崩寄臣以大事也。受命以来,夙夜忧叹,恐托付不效,以伤先帝之明,故五月渡泸,深入不毛。今南方已定,甲兵已足,当奖率三军,北定中原,庶竭驽钝,攘除 * * 凶,兴复汉室,还于旧都。此臣所以报先帝而忠陛下之职分也。至于斟酌损益,进尽忠言,则攸之、祎、允之任也。

小题1:解释下列加点的词。(4分)

(1)躬耕南阳                   (     )

(2)三臣于草庐之中            (     )

(3)遂许先帝以驱驰              (     )

(4)斟酌益                        (     )

小题2:用现代汉语翻译下面句子。(2分)

苟全性命于乱世,不求闻达于诸侯。

译文:_____________________________________________________________

小题3:请结合选文内容,说说作者“报先帝而忠陛下”的具体原因。(3分)

答:_______________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

答案

小题1:(1)在 (2)拜访 (3)奔走效劳 (4)除去

小题2:只想在乱世中苟且保全性命,并不谋求在诸侯中扬名做官。

小题3:(1)先帝三顾茅庐;(2)先帝临危委重任;(3)先帝临崩寄大事。

小题1:

题目分析:注意“顾”“驱驰”的解释,解释文言实词、虚词,要结合句子意思,有些和现代意思差别较大,更要加强记忆。

小题2:

题目分析:注意“苟全性命”的意思:苟且保全性命。文言文翻译有直译和意译两种。所谓直译,是指用现代汉语的词对原文进行逐字逐句地对应翻译,做到实词、虚词尽可能文意相对; 所谓意译,则是根据语句的意思进行翻译,做到尽量符合原文意思,语句尽可能照顾原文词义。这两种翻译方法当以直译为主,意译为辅。

小题3:

题目分析:解此题要通读全文,然后进行概括总结。

完形填空
People who enjoy a dream-filled sleep are better at recalling information and making links between facts when waking. But recharging with a shallow (小睡) offers no such mental improvement, the research suggests. The results of the study added to the growing body of evidence that Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep is very important to the brain’s ability to form strong memories.
An average night's rest includes four or five spells of REM sleep, but these bursts tend to be lengthier towards the end of the night. This means adults getting less than the recommended seven to eight hours a night -- and therefore inadequate REM sleep -- may be damaging their mind's ability to memorize: Although REM sleep is not classified as a type of deep sleep, it is only reached after the brain has passed through deep sleep stages.
In the recent study, participants were shown groups of three words and asked to find another word that can be associated with all three words. They were tested once in the morning and then given the same task again in the afternoon. In between, some were allowed a nap with REM sleep, some a nap without REM sleep, while the others had a quiet rest period. The quiet rest and non-REM sleep groups didn't improve, but the REM sleep group improved on their morning performance by an average of almost 40 per cent. Dr Sara Mednick, a sleep researcher at the University of California who led the study, believes the formation of connections between previously unassociated information in the brain occurs during REM sleep.
It is believed that sleep acts as a sort of mental filing system, enabling the brain to sort relevant information from useless information. This process may take place as memories are removed hem one art of the brain to others.
Title
REM Sleep 小题1:______ Memory
The result of the
study
Rapid Eye Movement sleep is of great importance to the brain's ability to小题2:______ memories.
The 小题3:____
of the study
◆ 小题4:______ were required to think of another word
associated with all three words.
◆The same task was given to participants 小题5:______ a day.
◆ The quiet rest and non-REM sleep groups showed no
小题6:______.
◆ The REM sleep group小题7:______ well by an average of
almost 40 per cent.
Dr Sara Mednick's
小题8:_____
Connections between previous unassociated information in the
brain are 小题9:______ during REM sleep
Conclusion
Sleep acts as a sort of mental filing system, enabling the brain to abandon useless information and keep the 小题10: ______
information.
 
单项选择题