问题 填空题

海水是一种化学成分复杂的混合物,包括水、溶解于水中的多种化学元素和气体。在海水中迄今已发现的化学元素达80多种。含量较高的元素除组成水的氢、氧元素外,还有氯、钠、镁、硫、钙、钾、溴、碳、锶、硼、氟等。

(1)以海水及其产品为原料可以生产许多化工产品,如氯化钠、氢气、氢氧化钠、氯气、钠、镁、食用加碘盐等。

①请根据你学过的化学知识,按照纯净物、单质、混合物、化合物,将海水、氢气、氯化钠、氯气、氢氧化钠、钠、镁、食用加碘盐进行分类。(要求用框图的形式表示,层次分明)

②在氯化钠、氢气、镁三种物质中,由分子构成的是                ;由原子构成的是                   ;由离子构成的是                     

(2)自然界中的溴元素绝大多数存在于海洋中,其元素符号为Br,根据中文名称猜测溴应属于             (填“金属”或“非金属”)元素,该元素位于元素周期表               (填“左侧”、“右侧”或“中部”)。

(3)锶是一种重要的金属元素,其原子结构示意图和在元素周期表中显示的信息见下图,请回答有关问题:

①锶原子核外的电子层数为                    ,原子核内质子数为                     ;在化学反应中易                 (填“得到”或“失去”)电子

②锶元素的原子序数为                       ,其相对原子质量为                        

(4)海水也是未来人类生活用水的重要来源。小明同学从水产市场带回一瓶浑浊的海水,准备与同学们一起对其进行净化。请你参入他们的实验并回答有关问题。

①他们在向水中加入明矾,搅拌静置后进行过滤,加入明矾的目的是                                             ; 过滤需要的主要仪器和用品有                                                 

②下列对过滤过程及结果描述正确的是                           (填编号);

A.此过程发生的是物理变化 B.过滤是利用颗粒大小不同将混合物分离

C.过滤之后得到的“水”仍是咸的 D.过滤之后得到的“水”可以饮用

③证明过滤之后得到的“水”中仍含有杂质的方法是                                    ;

④小明想把海水制成蒸馏水,他应该进行的操作是                        ,一般不用蒸馏水作为饮用水的理由是                                                   

(5)海水是一种溶液,其中溶剂是水,溶质有多种,海水中溶质的质量分数约为3.5%,市场上销售的“海水精”是根据海水溶质的主要成分按比例混合而成,“海水精”是一种白色固体,易溶于水。若用“海水精”配制一定量的人造海水,请回答有关问题:

①配制步骤依次为                                                      ;

②所需要用到的主要仪器是                                                       

答案

(1)①

        ②氢气(H2);镁(Mg);氯化钠(NaCl)

(2)非金属;右侧

(3)①5;38;失去

         ②38;87.62

(4)①使水中悬浮的杂质沉降;铁架台(带铁圈)(或漏斗架)、漏斗、玻璃棒、烧杯、滤纸

         ②ABC

         ③滴几滴水样于玻璃片上,放在酒精灯上加热,观察现象。

         ④蒸馏;蒸馏水中不含人体所需的多种矿物元素,长期饮用会影响健康

(5)①计算、称量(量取)、溶解

         ②托盘天平、量筒、药匙、玻璃棒、胶头滴管、烧杯

完形填空
完形填空。
     Mr. King lives in a city. He has some shops and gets a lot of   1  , His son, Mike, studies in a middle
school. The boy likes everything but not studying. He doesn't listen this   2   in class and he never finishes
his homework on time. He always plays football when he is   3  . And he can never  pass the exams. His
father has   4   time to stay at home and doesn't know anything about it.
    One day, Miss Read, Mike's teacher   5  . Mr. King on the telephone, she told everything about the
boy. She wanted him to help the boy at home. Then the man heard this and wasn't   6  . When his son
came back from school, he gave him a good beating (痛打). But soon he felt sorry for it   7   he saw
Mike crying in the bedroom. The next morning, before Mike went to school, he said, "Study hard. my
son!" I   8    you a car when you pass the exams next year."
     Another term was over. Mike didn't pass the exams once more (又一次) Mr. King had a look   9   
the school work and asked,"What did you do this term,Mike?"
     "I learned to  10  a car." answered the boy.
( ) 1. A. thing  
( ) 2. A. father  
( ) 3. A. free.  
( ) 4. A. enough  
( ) 5. A. visited
( ) 6. A. worried
( ) 7. A. when    
( ) 8. A. buy    
( ) 9. A. for    
( ) 10. A. make  
B. money    
B. mother  
B. busy    
B. a lot of
B. called  
B. sad      
B. before  
B. will buy
B. on      
B. sell    
C. teachers
C. teachers 
C. easy    
C. much    
C. met      
C. happy    
C. until    
C. bought  
C. at      
C. ride    
D. classmates
D. classmates
D. hard      
D. little    
D. found      
D. tired      
D. if        
D. buying    
D. to        
D. drive                       
翻译题