问题 单项选择题

甲状腺大部切除术后,呼吸困难和窒息的并发症与下列哪项因素无关()

A.手术创伤的应激诱发危象

B.切口内出血压迫气管

C.气管软化塌陷

D.喉头水肿

E.喉返神经损伤两侧声带麻痹

答案

参考答案:A

解析:呼吸困难和窒息是最危急的并发症。常见的原因有:①切口内积血,气管受压;②喉头水肿;③气管塌陷;④双侧喉返神经受损伤;⑤黏痰阻塞等。紧急处理:①拆除缝线、敞开切口、清除血肿;②快速静脉滴注甘露醇、氢化可的松、速尿;③应在手术中做气管悬吊或气管切开;④吸痰解救无效时,做气管切开。

判断题
多项选择题

Most people would be (1) by the high quality of medicine (2) to most Americans. There is a lot of specialization, a great deal of (3) to the individual, a (4) amount of advanced technical equipment, and (5) effort not to make mistakes because of the financial risk which doctors and hospitals must (6) in the courts if they (7) things badly.

But the Americans are in a mess. The problem is the way in (8) health care is organized and (9) . (10) to pubic belief it is not just a free competition system. The private system has been joined a large public system, because private care was simply not (11) the less fortunate and the elderly.

But even with this huge public part of the system, (12) this year will eat up 84.5 billion dollars—more than 10 percent of the U. S. Budget—large number of Americans are left (13) . These include about half the 11 million unemployed and those who fail to meet the strict limits (14) income fixed by a government trying to make savings where it can.

The basic problem, however, is that there is no central control (15) the health system. There is no (16) to what doctors and hospitals charge for their services, other than what the public is able to pay. The number of doctors has shot up and prices have climbed. When faced with toothache, a sick child, or a heart attack, all the unfortunate persons concerned can do is (17) up. Two thirds of the population (18) covered by medical insurance. Doctors charge as much as they want (19) that the insurance company will pay the bill.

The rising cost of medicine in the U. S. A. is among the most worrying problems facing the country. In 1981 the country’s health bill climbed 15.9 percent--about twice as fast as prices (20) general.

14()

A.for

B.in

C.with

D.on