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问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面一首宋词，然后回答问题。

苏幕遮

范仲淹

碧云天，黄叶地，秋色连波，波上寒烟翠。山峡斜阳天接水，芳草无情，更在斜阳外。

黯乡魂，追旅思，夜夜除非，好梦留人睡。明月楼高体独倚。酒入愁肠，化作相思泪。

　　范仲淹，北宋政治家、文学家，苏州吴县（今属江苏）人。少家贫，刻苦学习。1043年任参知政事，推行新政。工诗文，晚年作品《岳阳楼记》中“先天下之忧而忱，后天下之乐而乐”，为传诵干古的名句。

（1）通常情况下，烟霭都是白色的，在这首词里作者写“寒烟”却着一“翠”字，对此该如何理解？

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（2）赏析这首词在摄景取物上的特点（与他人抒写羁旅愁思的作品比较），并探究形成这种特点的原因。

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答案

（1）烟霭本呈白色，但由于上连碧天，下接绿波，远望即与碧天绿波同色而莫辨，着一“翠”字，正与王勃“秋水共长天一色”有异曲同工之妙。（意对即可）

（2）他人抒写羁旅愁思，往往摄取萧瑟的秋景来表达，范公却反其道而行之，摄取阔远而艳丽的景物（碧云天、黄叶地、连波秋色、映山斜阳、接水天色）来表达。这一方面显示了词人胸襟的广阔和对生活对自然的热爱，另一方面又使下片所抒之情显得柔而有骨，挚而不颓。（能答到大意即可，不必强求文字相同。）

单项选择题 B1型题

佝偻病早期表现（）。

A.血清钙、磷正常，骨骺X线出现不规则钙化线

B.骨骼畸形，代谢性酸中毒，血钙、磷低，低钾

C.头围增大，方颅，胸部见肋骨串珠、漏斗胸，血钙、磷降低明显，X线骨片骨骺端钙化带消失，呈杯口状改变

D.烦闹、夜啼，汗多，血钙、磷降低，PTH升高，X线骨片正常

E.X线连锁遗传病，血钙正常，血磷明显降低，尿磷增加
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单项选择题

Regardless of their political affiliation, in all countries women must overcome a host of stumbling blocks that limit their political careers. "Most obstacles to progress consist of (1) of various kinds," says the Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU), a Geneva-based organization (2) 139 parliaments, including the lack of time, training, information, self-confidence, money, support, motivation, women’s networks and solidarity between women.

In every culture, prejudice and stereotypes (3) hard. The belief still holds (4) that women belong in the kitchen and (5) the children, not at election (6) or in the Speaker’s chair. The media often reinforce traditional images of women, who, upon entering politics, also bear the brunt (正面冲击) of verbal and physical (7) .

In impoverished (贫穷的) countries (8) by civil conflicts and deteriorating economic and social conditions, women are (9) by the tasks of managing everyday life and looking after their families.

The IPU stresses the general lack of child-care facilities—often (10) a privileged few—the (11) of political parties to change the times and running of meetings and the weak backing women receive from their families. That support, which is (12) as well as financial, is (13) vital because women have internalized (14) images of themselves since the (15) of time and often suffer from low self-confidence.

Another obstacle is the lack of financial resources, especially as election campaigns become increasingly expensive. (16) , women encounter more or less open machismo (男子汉的高傲) in the (17) of closed political circles (18) entry to the "second sex. " Lastly, they (19) the lack of solidarity between women, (20) by the fact that the number of available positions is limited.

1（）

A.deficiencies

B.deficits

C.defects

D.flaws
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