问题 单项选择题

某信息系统项目采用结构化方法进行开发,按照项目经理的安排,项目成员小张绘制了下图。此时项目处于()阶段。

A.总体规划

B.系统分析

C.系统设计

D.系统实施

答案

参考答案:B

解析:

信息系统常用的开发方法有结构化方法、原型法和面向对象方法。结构化方法是应用最广泛的一种开发方法,它是按照系统的生命周期,应用结构化系统开发方法,把整个系统的开发过程分为若干阶段,然后一步一步地一次进行,前一阶段是后一阶段的工作依据;每个阶段又划分为详细的工作步骤,顺序作业。信息系统的生命周期可以分为4个阶段:立项、开发、运维、消亡。开发阶段又可分为总体规划阶段、系统分析阶段、系统设计阶段、系统实施阶段和系统验收阶段。

(1)总体规划阶段:一个比较完整的总体规划应当包括信息系统开发目标、总体结构、管理流程、实施计划、技术规范。

(2)系统分析阶段:目标是为系统设计阶段提供系统的逻辑模型,内容包括组织结构及功能分析、业务流程分析、数据和数据流程分析及系统初步方案。

(3)系统设计阶段:根据系统分析的结果设计出信息系统的实施方案,主要内容包括系统架构设计、数据库设计、处理流程设计、功能模块设计、安全控制方案设计、系统组织和队伍设计及系统管理流程设计。

(4)系统实施阶段:是将设计阶段的成果在计算机和网络上具体实现,即将设计文本变成能在计算机上运行的软件系统。由于系统实施阶段是对以前全部工作的检验,因此用户的参与特别重要。

(5)系统验收阶段:通过试运行,系统性能的优劣及其他各种问题都会暴露在用户面前,即进入了系统验收阶段。

数据流图(Data Flow Diagram):简称DFD,它从数据传递和加工角度,以图形方式来表达系统的逻辑功能、数据在系统内部的逻辑流向和逻辑变换过程,是结构化系统分析方法的主要表达工具及用于表示软件模型的一种图示方法。

数据流图以图形的方式描绘数据在系统中流动和处理的过程,由于它只反映系统必须完成的逻辑功能,所以是一种功能模型。因此它主要用于系统分析阶段,应选B。

单项选择题
完形填空
完形填空 (共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从36—55各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
In some cities, work holism(废寝忘食工作)is so common that people don’t consider it unusual. They accept the lifestyle as    36   . Government workers in Washington, D. C., 37, frequently work sixty to seventy hours a week. They don’t do this because they have to; they do it because they 38    to. Work holism can be a     39    problem. Because true workaholics would rather work than do anything else, they    40    have no idea of how to relax; that is, they might not    41 movies, sports, or other types of entertainment. Most of all, they 42    to sit and do nothing. The lives of workaholics are usually stressful, and this tension and worry can cause   43    problems such as heart attacks and stomach diseases.    44   , typical workaholics don’t pay much attention to their families. Their marriages may end in    45    as they spend little time with their families.
Is work holism    46    dangerous? Perhaps not. There are, certainly, people who work    47 under stress. Some studies show that many workaholics have great energy and interest in work. They feel    48    is so pleasurable that they are actually very happy. For most workaholics, work and entertainment are the same thing. Their jobs    49    them with a challenge; this keeps them busy and creative.
50    do workaholics enjoy their jobs so much? There are several    51    to work. Of course, it provides people with paychecks, and this is important. But it offers    52    financial security. It provides people with self-confidence; they have a feeling of satisfaction   53    they have produced a challenging piece of work and are able to say “I    54    it”. Psychologists claim that their work gives people an identity. After they take part in work, they    55   a sense of self and individualism.
小题1:
A.strange B.boring C.pleasant D.normal
小题2:
A.for exampleB.on the other hand C.what’s more D.after all
小题3:
A.agree B.promise C.dare D.want
小题4:
A.slight B.serious C.obvious D.difficult
小题5:
A.stillB.probably C.certainly D.mostly
小题6:
A.afford B.enjoy C.watch D.allow
小题7:
A.dream B.decideC.intend D.hate
小题8:
A.physical B.cultural C.social D.mental
小题9:
A.Therefore B.However C.Anyway D.Besides
小题10:
A.happiness B.silence C.failure D.loss
小题11:
A.sometimes B.always C.seldom D.hardly
小题12:
A.sadly B.differently C.efficiently D.slowly
小题13:
A.study B.family C.life D.work
小题14:
A.equip B.pack C.provide D.fill
小题15:
A.When B.Why C.How D.Where
小题16:
A.factors B.advantages C.steps D.ways
小题17:
A.no more B.more or lessC.no more than D.more than
小题18:
A.when B.before C.unless D.until
小题19:
A.valued B.failed C.caught D.made
小题20:
A.give B.lose C.get D.need