问题 问答题

某地方政府准备修建乡村公路网,其宏观目标定位为:“改善当地基础设施条件,帮助农民摆脱贫困”。该项目的可行性研究报告提出的项目目标层次包括下列因素:
(1)改善农副产品运输条件,沟通与外界的联系渠道;
(2)推动当地农副产品加工业的发展;
(3)上级政府财政拨款5000万元,以工代赈投入300万元;
(4)完善该地区乡村公路网的建设,实现村村通公路;
(5)预计用工5万人·月,用时3年;
(6)建成四级公路240公里,各类桥涵50座;
(7)由省公路设计院勘察设计,县公路局负责建设管理;
(8)由乡村政府负责征地和拆迁安置;
(9)建立乡村管理机构;
(10)乡村全年农民人均收入由800元提高到1500元以上。
根据上述分析,为编制本项目的逻辑框架矩阵表,负责可行性研究工作的咨询工程师对本项目各层次的目标进行了分析,并用“如果、那么”的逻辑关系自下而上对纵向逻辑关系进行了检验。为了体现民主决策,当地政府要求采用参与式方法,征求有关社会成员对公路建设规划方案的意见。组织者对参与人员提出如下要求:
(1)尽可能针对关键性社会问题发表意见,不要面面俱到;
(2)参与者要具有较高学历,以便发表专业见解;
(3)要求参与者以普通话作为交流语言,以便提高沟通效率;
(4)要求参与者是男性公民,更敢于表达不同意见。
[问题]

为了编制一份完整的逻辑框架表,除上述咨询工程师已做的工作外,还需完成哪些工作步骤

答案

参考答案:为了编制一份完整的逻辑框架表,除上述咨询工程师已做的工作外,还需完成的工作有:
(1)确定每一层次目标的实现所需要的重要假设和外部条件;
(2)依次确定项目的直接目标、产出成果和宏观目标的可验证指标;
(3)确定指标的客观验证方法;
(4)确定各项投入活动的预算成本和验证指标及方法;
(5)对整个逻辑框架的设计进行对照检查和核对。

阅读理解

Don’t talk to me; I’m busy with my iPhone

Riding a London subway, a person from China will notice one major difference: in London, people do not look at each other. In fact, eye contact is avoided at all times. That’s not rudeness—people are just too busy to bother looking.

Busy doing what, you ask? Well, they’re certainly not using the time for a moment of quiet reflection, nor are they reading a book. New technology has replaced quiet habits. Today the only acceptable form of book on the London underground is an e-book.

Apple must earn a fortune from London commuters(乘车上下班的人). Since the launch of the iPhone in 2007, over 40,000—yes, that’s 40,000—“apps” (programs downloaded for the iPhone) have been designed.

Commuters love them because they are the perfect time-fillers. One “app”, called iShoot, is a game that features tanks. Another one, Tube Exits, tells passengers where to sit on the train to be closest to the exit of their destination. ISteam clouds the iPhone screen when you breathe into the microphone. You can then write in the “ steam” on your phone screen.

For those without an iPhone, another Apple product, the iPod, may be another choice. It’s not just teenagers who “plug in” to their music—iPods are a popular way to pass the time for all ages.

And if games, e-books and music aren’t enough to keep you occupied, then perhaps you would prefer a film. The development of palm DVD technology means many commuters watch their favorite TV show or film on the way to work. With all this entertainments, it’s amazing that people still remember to get off the train.

小题1:People in London do not make eye contact on the subway because they are busy ________.

A.playing games, reading e-books, listening to music or watching films.

B.going to work

C.reading books

D.thinking private things小题2:Those who like war games can download ________ to their iPhones.

A.Tube Exits

B.iShoot

C.ISteam

D.iPod小题3:The underlined word “occupied” in the last paragraph probably means ________.

A.delighted

B.busy

C.controlled

D.amused小题4:The article tells us that ________.

A.London commuters are unfriendly to strangers

B.Apple has earned a lo of money from selling 40,000 iPhones

C.with all the new time-fillers, London commuters often forget to get off the train.

D.technology is changing the way London commuters spend their traveling time.

单项选择题