问题 材料分析题

材料一:党的十六届三中全会指出,坚持公有制的主体地位,发挥国有经济的主导作用,大力发展和积极引导非公有制经济。个体、私营等非公有制经济是促进我国社会生产力发展的重要力量。

材料二:《国务院关于鼓励支持和引导个体私营等非公有制经济发展的若干意见》指出,要为非公有制经济创造平等竞争的法制环境、政策环境和市场环境······加强和改进政府服务和管理,并引导非公有制企业贯彻科学发展观,依法经营,照章纳税,诚实守信······促进非公有制经济持续健康发展。我国改革开放最早的广东省,在相当长一段时期,国内非公有资本只能进入40多个行业,而国有资本可以进入80多个行业。目前,中央明确了国有企业、国内非公有企业、三资企业一视同仁的政策,使非公有经济享受了真正的国民待遇。根据上述材料,运用所学经济学原理回答:

(1)如何正确处理坚持公有制为主体和促进非公有制经济发展之间的关系?

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 (2)结合材料二,谈谈如何促进非公有制经济持续健康发展。

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答案

(1)公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展是我国社会主义初级阶段的基本经济制度。如材料所示,我国基本经济制度的这两个方面是缺一不可的。我国是社会主义国家,所以必须毫不动摇地巩固和发展公有制经济,坚持公有制的主体地位,发挥国有经济的主导作用。同时,由于我国处在社会主义初级阶段,生产力发展不平衡、多层次,应该在坚持公有制为主体的前提下毫不动摇地鼓励、支持和引导非公有制经济的发展,使两者在社会主义现代化进程中平等竞争、相互促进、共同发展。

(2)要促进非公有制经济持续健康发展,就要为非公有制经济创造平等竞争、一视同仁的法制环境、政策环境和市场环境。第一,进一步解放思想,深化改革,消除影响非公有制经济发展的体制性障碍,放宽市场准入,实现公平竞争。第二,进一步完善相关法律法规和政策,依法保护非公有制企业和职工的合法权益。第三,进一步加强和改进政府服务和管理,为非公有制经济创造良好环境,保护企业正常经营活动。第四,进一步引导非公有制企业贯彻科学发展观,依法经营、照章纳税,诚实守信、健全管理,不断提高自身素质。

阅读理解

Secondhand smoke isn’t just a health threat to people.It can also hurt dogs and cats,veterinarians say.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,more than 126 million Americans who don't smoke are exposed to secondhand smoke in their homes,vehicles,workplaces,and public places.This exposure causes thousands of lung cancer and heart disease deaths among nonsmokers every year,according to the California Environmental Protection Agency.

“Making the leap from the effects of secondhand smoke on humans to their effects on pets isn't a big one,” says veterinarian (兽医专家) Carolynn MacAllister of Oklahoma State University.

“There have been a number of scientific papers recently that have reported the significant health threat secondhand smoke poses to pets,” MacAllister said.“Secondhand smoke has been associated with oral cancer and lymphoma in cats,lung and nasal cancer in dogs,as well as lung cancer in birds.”

Studies have also shown that dogs living in a smoking household are susceptible to cancers of the nose and sinus area,particularly if they are a long-nosed breed,because their noses have a greater surface area that is exposed to carcinogens and a greater area for them to accumulate.Dogs affected with nasal cancer normally don't survive for more than one year.

“Short and medium-nosed dogs are more susceptible to lung cancer,because their shorter nasal passage aren't as effective at accumulating the inhaled secondhand smoke carcinogens,” MacAllister said.“This results in more carcinogens (致癌物质) reaching the lungs.”

Birds are also at risk for lung cancer,as well as pneumonia,because their respiratory systems are hypersensitive to any type of air pollutant.

To help prevent animals from being adversely affected by smoking,pet owners who smoke should have a designated smoking area that is separated from the home or stop smoking altogether,MacAllister said.        

小题1:From the passage,we can see secondhand smoke maybe not harmful to _______.

A.smokers

B.non-smokers

C.pets

D.trees小题2:What can be suggested according to the passage?

A.Smokers can smoke anywhere.

B.Smokers can smoke at any time.

C.Smokers should smoke in the designated place.

D.Smokers must give up smoking at once.小题3:What kind of dogs are likely to suffer from nasal cancer?

A.Long-nosed dogs

B.Short-nosed dogs

C.Medium-nosed dogs

D.Dogs without noses小题4:The best title of the passage is __________.

A.Secondhand Smoke Causes Cancer in People

B.Secondhand Smoke Causes Cancer in Birds

C.Secondhand Smoke Causes Cancer in Pets

D.Secondhand Smoke Causes Cancer in Cats小题5:What is the meaning of the underlined phrase “are susceptible to”?

A.are likely to be harmed by

B.are hard to be influenced by

C.are less to be effected by

D.are lucky to be caught by

单项选择题