问题 单项选择题 B1型题

久泻或营养不良患儿输液后出现精神萎靡、腹胀、肠鸣音减弱,多为()

A.低钾血症

B.低钙血症

C.低血糖症

D.低氯血症

E.低镁血症

答案

参考答案:A

解析:

1.久泻或佝偻病的患儿脱水性酸中毒纠正后出现惊厥,多为低钙血症引起,因为酸中毒时血浆游离钙增高,在酸中毒纠正后下降,使原有低钙血症的患儿发生惊厥、抽搐等症状。故酸中毒纠正后出现惊厥抽搐者应注意补钙。故本题选B。

2.久泻或营养不良的患儿常常因为进食不足或吸收不良所致的酮症酸中毒,血浆中H增多,进入细胞与K交换,导致细胞内的K减少而细胞外K增多,当输液纠正酸中毒后,细胞外K进入细胞,血钾降低,神经肌肉的兴奋性减低,所以出现精神萎靡、腹胀、肠鸣音减弱,故本题选A。

选择题
单项选择题

Many video games feature an invincibility power-up that makes the players impervious to damage, at least for a while. As the economic crisis hit in late 2008, some said the same about the industry itself. The theory went that sales of video games, which had been p in 2008, would also be p in 2009, because games are a relatively cheap form of entertainment that let people escape from gloomy economic reality.

At first glance the sales figures seem to debunk the idea that video games are recession-proof. In June 2009, for example, sales of games in America were 31% lower than in June 2008, according to NPD, a market-research firm. In July sales were down 26% , the fifth successive monthly decline. But the year ended with a record-breaking December, as people bought consoles and games for Christmas. Globally, says Piers Harding-Rolls of Screen Digest, a consuhancy, sales of games were down by 6.3% in 2009. The number of Nintendo Win and Microsoft Xbox 360 consoles sold was flat in 2009 ; sales of Sow’s PlayStation 3 were up by 22% after a price cut.

In some respects, this stumble reflects gaming’s new popularity. When it was less of a mainstream activity it was not so connected to the wider economic cycle. The success of the family-friendly Wii has broadened gaming’s appeal, but the new players it has attracted are less fanatical garners who are more likely to cut back in hard times. During 2009 more people turned to mobile, web-based or second-hand games, says Mr Harding-Rofls.

Another way of looking at things, however, is to say that spending on gaming is driven by big hits, and that the slight decline in 2009 reflects creative rather than economic weakness. Entertainment industries always have their ups and downs, says Shigeru Miyamoto, the creative force behind many of Nintendo’s biggest games. There was an unusually large number of hits in 2008, which boosted sales, and fewer big releases in 2009 until late in the year, which may explain the weak mid-year sales. The biggest hit was "Modern Warfare 2", released in November, which became the fastest-selling game in history, selling 7 million copies worldwide on its first day. The top 20 games took a larger share of sales in 2009 than in 2008, which shows that the games industry is becoming increasingly polarised between hits and misses. Hence the hit-and-miss results of the big publishers of video games.

Overall, says Mr Miyamoto, 2009’s crop of games may just have been less compelling. "We were not able to produce fun-enough products," he says. That highlights the importance of continued innovation, he says—but it leaves unanswered the question of whether gaming is indeed recession-proof.

From the fourth paragraph, we can know that()

A. entertainment have been in the slight decline recently

B. creative games will bring good sales

C. sale increasing by the end of 2009 is due to big hits of games

D. "Modern Warfare 2" benefits from the Shigeru Miyamoto’s innovations