问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面诗歌,然后完成下面的问题。

薛宝钗咏白海棠

珍重芳姿昼掩门,自携手瓮灌苔盆。胭脂洗出秋阶影,冰雪招来露砌魂。

淡极始知花更艳,愁多焉得玉无痕。欲偿白帝凭清洁,不语婷婷日又昏。

林黛玉咏白海棠

半卷湘帘半掩门,碾冰为土玉为盆。偷来梨蕊三分白,借得梅花一缕魂。

月窟仙人缝缟袂,秋闺怨女拭啼痕。娇羞默默同谁诉,倦倚西风夜已昏。

(据人民文学出版社1996年12月第2版《红楼梦》第三十七回)

  咏物诗讲究形神兼备。以上两诗,颔联都着眼于白海棠之“白”,但绘形写神各有不同。根据给出前诗颔联的分析,试分析后诗颔联的特点。

  “胭脂洗出秋阶影,冰雪招来露砌魂”一联,前句以洗尽胭脂极言其自然本色之美,后句以晶莹剔透的冰雪喻其冰清玉洁之魂。倒装句式的运用,显得新颖别致:“洗”“招”二字,运用拟人手法,生动地传达出白海棠的情韵神态;而“秋阶”“露砌”的映衬,更是意味深长。诗人含蓄地表现了白海棠朴素淡雅、清洁自励的品性。

  “偷来梨蕊三分白,借得梅花一缕魂”一联:_________________________________

答案

答:前句借梨蕊之白写海棠之白,后句借梅花之魂说海棠之清高孤独;借物衬托,彰显海棠情韵;“偷”“借”二字,亦运用拟人手法,生动地描绘出白海棠的情韵神态;而“三分白”“一缕魂”十分巧妙,不但写出其情致,更展示了诗人的心境。诗人含蓄地表现了白海棠洁白清纯、孤傲清高的品格。(意对即可)

单项选择题
填空题

Bush’s MBA


Twenty-six of 42 presidents, including Bill Clinton, were lawyers. Seven were generals. George W. Bush becomes the first with an MBA.
Those who have had Bush for a boss since the mid-1980s—in the (1) of oil, baseball and Texas state government—describe his management (2) as straight from the pages of the organizational-behavior (3) he studied while getting his masters of business administration (4) at Harvard University in 1975.
He manages by what is known (5) "walking around," having learned that sitting behind a desk and passing out memos does (6) to energize anyone.
He has a reputation for fueling "creative tension" (7) his subordinates, encouraging them to take and defend opposing (8) . That sacrifices harmony, but puts ideas to the test and lets Bush (9) above the fray, where he can offer guidance instead of barking (10) . Imagine the creative tension that may erupt (11) the likes of Secretary of State-designate Colin Powell and Defense Secretary— (12) Donald Rumsfeld.
Above all, former employees say that he is a master at delegating (13) installing measures of accountability—ways of knowing (14) subordinates are getting the job done without looking (15) any shoulders. That frees Bush for strategic thinking—perhaps (16) two words hammered into MBA students most—which means thinking (17) to seize opportunities and to derail threats to the best of plans.
"George was my (18) ," says Tom Schieffer, who served as president of the Texas Rangers under Bush (19) 1991 and 1995. "But he never made me feel that way. He went out of his way to treat me as a (20) , not a subordinate."
That’s one trait that might be of concern, says Michael Useem, director of the Wharton Center for Leadership and Change at the University of Pennsylvania. It’s important for subordinates to feel part of the team, but not just because the boss craves popularity. Just as in the military, it must be understood who is in charge when the final order is given.