问题 材料分析题

根据资料,结合所学知识,回答下列问题

材料一:2008年10月16日是第28个世界粮食日(WorldFoodDay)。联合国粮食及农业组织(简称粮农组织)将2008年世界粮食日的主题定为“世界粮食安全:气候变化和生物能源的挑战”。

材料二:根据联合国粮农组织公布的名单,40个粮食短缺国中有26个非洲国家(安哥拉、布隆迪、埃塞俄比亚、几内亚、肯尼亚、利比里亚、尼日尔、塞拉利昂、索马里、苏丹、斯威士兰、坦桑尼亚、乌干达、津巴布韦等),10个亚洲国家(阿富汗、印尼、伊拉克、朝鲜、黎巴嫩、蒙古、尼泊尔、巴基斯坦、斯里兰卡和东帝汶),3个拉丁美洲国家(哥伦比亚、古巴、海地)和俄罗斯(指车臣共和国)。

材料三:1990一1995年世界不同地区内战和冲突发生率和1950一2000年问非洲热带草原气候地区水变化图。

(1)联合国粮食及农业组织庆祝“世界粮食日”时,下列说法可信的是_______(填正确字母)。

A、坦桑尼亚热带草原呈现草木萧条的景观B、密西西比河水量大增C、地球处于公转轨道上远离近日点的方向运动D、我国阿尔泰地区已进入冰天雪地的季节E、广州的昼长大于北京

(2)2008年世界粮食日的主题是“世界粮食安全:气候变化和生物能源的挑战”。气候变化会导致粮食生产条件的改变,试分析全球气候变化可能对非洲的粮食生产产生哪些不利的影响?

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(3)联合国粮农组织公布的名单中,40个粮食短缺国中有26个是撒哈拉以南非洲国家,这些国家不仅粮食缺乏,而且社会贫困化。结合材料三和所学地理知识,分析撒哈拉以南洲热带草原气候区社会贫困化的自然和人文原因。

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答案

(1)DE

(2)①气温升高,降水减少,会加剧干旱,导致粮食减产;②极端天气增多,自然灾害加重;③气温升高,病虫害增多。

(3)自然因素:①温度高,干、湿季明显,降水季节变化大;②河流径流变化大,不利于灌溉;③植被稀疏,土壤贫瘠,荒漠化严重,生态问题严峻,不适宜农耕;④干旱灾害严重,粮食缺乏,饥荒不断。人文因素方面;①人口增长过快(导致人口、环境、经济恶性循环);②(长期的殖民统治导致)经济基础落后,经济结构单一,经济增长缓慢;③战乱不断,社会动荡不安,阻碍经济发展;④债务负担沉重,教育落后、医疗条件差,疾病加重贫困。

问答题
填空题


The United States counts its population every ten years, and each census reveals that the racial and ethnic mix is changing dramatically, so by the year 2050, the "average" American will not be descended from (1) , but the majority of U. S. residents will trace (2) ancestry to Africa, Asia, the Hispanic world, the Pacific Islands, or the Middle East. Once the United States was a microcosm of European nationalities, (3) the United States is a microcosm of the world. The United States is (4) considered a "melting pot" society by many of its residents. (5) , many people prefer the term "salad bowl." They use this (6) to describe American society. American society will soon be (7) nonwhite. "Melting pot" implies that the different ethnic groups blend together (8) one homogeneous (9) , "salad bowl" (10) that nationalities, like the ingredients in a mixed green salad, retain their cultural (11) . Earlier generations of (12) believed they had to learn English quickly not only to survive but also for (13) .
Now, many immigrant groups do not (14) the same need. Because there are many places in America (15) you can work, shop, get medical care, marry, divorce and die without knowing English. (16) , Chinatown in San Francisco and New York. Also, Los Angeles has many Vietnamese immigrants and immigrants from Mexico. (17) , many immigrant groups want their children to know their (18) culture. Many Hispanics, for instance, want their children to learn (19) English and Spanish and study the Spanish language in school. They are fighting for the (20) to bilingual education in many communities. In many communities they are in the majority.