问题 材料分析题

根据材料和图示,完成下列问题。

近现代的气候观测记录表明,自1861年以来,全球平均地表温度呈上升的趋势,20世纪增幅最大的两个时期为1910年~1945年和1976年~2000年,1998年则是最暖的年份。近现代以来,全球陆地降水量发生了显著变化,在20世纪增加了约2%。其中,北半球中高纬地区的降水量,平均每10年增加了0.5%~1%,热带地区平均每10年增加了0.2%~0.3%,亚热带地区则平均每10年减少了0.3%左右,雪盖和冰川面积减少。卫星数据显示,自20世纪60年代末以来,全球雪盖面积减少了10%左右。地面观测表明,20世纪南北极以外地区的高山冰川普遍退缩。全球平均海平面升高。测潮数据表明,20世纪全球海平面升高了0.1米~0.2 米。我国大陆沿岸平均海平面亦呈现明显的上升趋势,在过去的100年里,大约上升了0.14米。

(1)文中提到“自1861年以来,全球平均地表温度呈上升趋势”,除了自然原因外,人类施加了哪些影

         响? 

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(2)文中提到“全球的平均气温上升…全球降水量发生了显著变化”,这些变化对人类活动会产生哪些

         方面的重要影响?

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答案

(1)人类由于生产生活过程中大量燃烧矿物燃料,使用制冷设备等,向宇宙空间排放大量CO2、CH4

         NxOy、O3、氟氯烃等温室气体;大量砍伐森林改变了大气的组成和运行模式。

(2)全球水热条件的变化,在许多地方增加了人类开发利用自然资源的难度,加剧了自然灾害(如洪

         涝、干旱),使生态系统变化,导致大量物种灭绝,对主要生产领域(如农业、林业、牧业、渔

         业等部门)的影响,对滨海地区的聚落、基础设施的不利影响和对人体健康影响,进而影响整个

         人类社会。

完形填空
A wise man was walking from one town to another with a few of his followers, and they happened to pass a lake. So they stopped there to   1  for a while, and the wise man said to one of his followers, “I am very  2 . Could you please  3  me some water from the lake?”
The follower walked to the lake  4  the wise man requested. Some people were washing clothes in the water, and right at that moment, several carts (手推车) started crossing the lake.  5  , the water became very muddy.
Then he went back and told the wise man that the water was very muddy and not   6  to drink.
After they had rested for about half an hour, the wise man again asked the   7  follower to go back to the lake and get him some water to drink. As requested, the follower went to the lake. This time he found that all the mud had   8   to the bottom. The water was very   9 and looked fit to drink. So he    10 his water bottle and took it to the wise man.
The wise man took the water bottle and drank, then looked up at the follower. “See what you did   11   the water clean?” he said. “You let it be for a while and the mud settled down on its own,  12  you could get some clear drinking water. Your mind can also be like that lake when it is   13   by something. If you just let it be and give it a little time, it will most likely settle down on its own   14  being put in any effort at all to   15   it.”
小题1:
A.restB.lookC.watchD.see
小题2:
A.hungryB.thirstyC.happy D.sad
小题3:
A.get B.give C.take D.bring
小题4:
A.while B.before C.asD.until
小题5:
A.HoweverB.Instead C.In additionD.As a result
小题6:
A.fitB.ableC.importantD.interesting
小题7:A. different   B same          C. other            D. left
小题8:
A.gone B.been C.settled D.lived
小题9:
A.dirty B.clearC.freshD.sweet
小题10:
A.gotB.finishedC.reachedD.filled
小题11:
A.makingB.to makeC.madeD.had made
小题12:
A.so thatB.in order toC.becauseD.when
小题13:
A.wokenB.leftC.disturbed D.given
小题14:
A.without B.with C.afterD.like
小题15:
A.preventB.calm C.protectD.fix
单项选择题