问题 问答题

用木炭还原氧化铜的实验如图.

(1)酒精灯加灯罩的目的______;

(2)刚开始预热,试管②中立即产生气泡,但石灰水不变浑浊,原因是______;

(3)继续加热,观察到石灰水逐渐变浑浊,黑色粉末中出现红色物质.请你写出划线部分的化学方程式:______、______;

(4)停止加热时,应先将导管从试管②中撤出,并用弹簧夹夹紧橡皮管,待试管①冷却后再把试管里的粉末倒出.这样操作的原因是______.

答案

(1)因为这个实验对温度的要求较高,所以加灯罩是为了聚拢火焰,使温度更高,简单的说就是为了提高温度;

(2)刚开始预热,试管②中立即产生气泡,但石灰水不变浑浊,原因是试管①中的空气受热膨胀进入试管②中产生气泡;

(3)反应的化学方程式为CO2+Ca(OH)2═CaCO3↓+H2O;2CuO+C

 高温 
.
 
2Cu+CO2↑;

(4)必须要密封的原因是防止灼热的铜又被氧气氧化成氧化铜.

故答案为:

(1)提高酒精灯火焰的温度.

(2)开始排出的是试管内的空气

(3)C+2CuO

 高温 
.
 
2Cu+CO2↑;CO2+Ca(OH)2═CaCO3↓+H2O

(4)防止灼热的铜被氧化

阅读理解

For years scientists have been concerned about the effects of air pollution on the earth's natural conditions. Some believe the air inside many houses may be more dangerous than the air outside. It may be one hundred times worse.

Indoor air pollution can cause a person to feel tired,to suffer eye pain, headache and other problems.Some pollutants(污染物)can cause breathing disorders,diseases of blood and even cancer. Most scientists agree that every modern house has some kind of indoor pollution.People began to notice the problem in the early 1970s.It is said that when builders began making houses and offices they did not want to waste energy.To do this,they built buildings that limited the flow of air between inside and outside.They also began using man-made building materials.These materials are now known to let out harmful gases.As the problem became more serious, scientists began searching for a way to deal with it.They discovered a natural pollution control system for building-green plants.Scientists do not really know how plants control air pollution.They believe that a plant's leaves absorb or take in the pollutants.In exchange the plant lets out oxygen through its leaves and through its tiny organizations on its roots.Scientists suggest that all buildings should have one large plant or several small plants inside for every nine square metres of space.Studies of different plants show that each absorbs different chemicals.So the most effective way to clean the air is to use different kinds of plants.Having green plants inside your house can make it a prettier and healthier place.

77.What is the topic of the passage?

A.Air pollution.           

B.Green plants indoors.

C.Indoor air pollution.         

D.Environment protecting.

78.What makes indoor air pollution more harmful than that of the air outside?

A.The limited flow of air indoors.

B.Man-made building materials.

C.Fewer green plants inside houses.     

D.The energy-saving materials indoors.

79.The most effective way to clean the air is to use different kinds of plants because______.

A.they can make houses pettier and healthier

B.they may let out oxygen which people need

C.they can take in all kinds of indoor pollutants  

D.they can absorb different harmful indoor chemicals

80.Which of the following is implied but NOT stated?

A.keep windows open and let fresh air in.

B.Scientists have a clear idea how plants control air pollution.

C.Oxygen is let out through the leaves and roots of the plants.

D.Green plants are a natural pollution control system for building.

单项选择题