问题 综合

分析“20世纪中国大范围降水正负比值的多年变化曲线图”及下列材料,完成题目要求: (10分)

气候学和长期预报中常用气候要素的距平值,表示当年值偏离常年值或单点要素值偏离区域平均值的情况。降水距平比值=当前值-多年均值

(1)我国20世纪二十年代至六十年代降水最少的年份是                           

最多的年份是                             。(2分)

(2)结合下表,可以看出我国气候冷暖与干湿呈现出       变化规律,根据此规律填出表格中1961——1970年的气候状况。(2分)

中国冷暖与干湿气候的变化(1921—1970年)

年代1921—19301931—19401941—19501951—19601961—1970
干湿状况湿湿 
冷暖状况 
(3)试分析气候变暖对我国自然环境可能产生的影响。(6分)

答案

(1)四十年代前半叶或1943年前后任一年即可(1分); 五十年代前半叶或1955年前后任一年即可(1分)

(2)交替(1分)

年代1921—19301931—19401941—19501951—19601961—1970
干湿状况湿湿
冷暖状况
(1分)

(3)海平面上升,会淹没我国沿海低地;我国粮食生产会受到影响,不同区域粮食产量可能发生变化;我国干旱或洪涝灾害的频次和强度增加;冰川雪线会上升(以上任答三点即可,每点二分)。

题目分析:(1)直接读图,“降水最少的年份”应看全年降水量距平值最低的点,大约在1943年前后。而“降水量最多的年份”应看全年降水量距平值最高的点,大约在1955年前后。(2)结合图示和表格资料反映,我国气候冷暖与干湿状况呈交替变化。根据上一个年份的干湿状况和冷暖状况判断1961—1970年的干湿与冷暖状况,与前一阶段相反。(3)借鉴课本关于全球变暖对自然环境的影响,主要从影响降水量、冰川雪盖面积缩小、海平面上升,淹没沿海低地国家或地区等方面分析。

点评:本题难度一般,学生只要抓住“距平值”的含义,直接从图示和资料中提取有效信息,并调用课本关于全球气候变暖的影响等内容分析即可。

阅读理解

One cold January evening in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, America, I went with my father on an oil burner service call. My father was in his forties at that time and I was about twelve years old. He was always working hard trying to support us seven kids. I enjoyed hanging out with him whenever I could — he taught me so much.

We arrived at the call and after walking over snow and ice, we knocked on the customer’s door. A senior citizen opened the door and let us into her very cold home. She was wearing an old, worn-out brown coat that went down to her knees. On her head, covering her gray hair, was an old and worn hat. The home wasn’t furnished very well and was quite dark, except for a single light bulb over the dining room table. Below the light was an older man counting change from several old coffee cans. He looked up at us as we passed by to get to the kitchen where my dad would fix the oil burner. He didn’t say anything. He just looked up at us. He couldn’t speak English, nor could his wife. She only pointed to the kitchen and smiled at us.

After a short while, my father had the heater up and running, and it began to heat their cold home. The lady asked my dad in poor English how much she owed him for fixing the heater. My dad looked around the house and said that he had to go out to the truck and write the bill.

Once in the truck he marked the bill “no answer at home, no charge”, so they wouldn’t be charged for his work. He looked over at me and said, “He was counting his change to pay me. They need their money more than I do.”

As usual, my father taught me something important that time, which was to be kind to the poor.

小题1:According to Paragraph 1, we know that the writer’s father                        .

A.often taught the writer how to work

B.worked several jobs at the same time

C.had a very big family to support

D.brought up his children alone小题2:The description in Paragraph 2 shows that the old couple                        .

A.had no job

B.led a very poor life

C.didn’t know how to save money

D.were not very friendly to strangers小题3:What can we infer from the passage?

A.The old couple had no children in America.

B.The old man didn’t plan to pay money.

C.The old woman felt very embarrassed all the time.

D.The old couple were not native Americans.小题4:The writer’s father didn’t charge for his work because                         .

A.he didn’t need that money

B.he felt pity for the old couple

C.he was not satisfied with his work

D.he wanted to set a good example to others

单项选择题