问题 单项选择题

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

D

The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap(间隙)with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person's needs.

Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what maybe implied(暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.

Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic udner discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.

Nurses and other care-geivers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be expericencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.

What may be the best title for the text?()

A.SoundandSilence

B.WhatItMeanstoBeSilent

C.SilencetoNativeAmericans

D.SpeechIsSilver;SilenceIsGold

答案

参考答案:B

问答题

一般资料:男,16岁,高中生。
求助者自述:我在小学、初中时的成绩一直很好,临近中考时由于生病,考试紧张,没能考上重点高中。父母为了我的前途,花钱让我去上重点高中。自己觉得是发挥失常导致的,自己并不比别人差,所以开学以后就很用功地读书,几次月考成绩还不错,但是,第一次期末考试时,由于担心考试不理想,被父亲责骂,太紧张了,考试成绩排在班级中等水平。父亲知道后,打了我一顿,还大骂我不用心学习,辜负了父母对我的期望。看到这次的成绩我也很痛苦,毕竟以前从未考得这么差。最近,总感到心情烦躁,晚上难以入睡,而且有一点声音就会被惊醒,然后就再也睡不着了,总是担心考试考不好,爸爸又会责骂我。现在又快期中考试了,我就更紧张了,晚上失眠,白天根本没有办法集中注意力听课,不想学习、不想吃饭,每次回家,想学习可就是学不进去,总想看电视,可是又担心爸爸的责骂。
咨询观察和他人反映的情况:求助者从进入咨询室,一直都处于比较紧张的状态,面容愁苦,烦躁不安,思维逻辑正常,谈及考试时,紧张、不安,有强烈的求助愿望。求助者性格内向,不爱说话,是家中独子,父亲在国企工作,平时都很忙,很少有时间陪求助者。父亲的事业心较强,对求助者的要求也非常严格,养成了求助者做什么事情都要追求完美的习惯,比较好强,很在乎别人对自己的评价。母亲性格比较温和,对求助者也是宠爱有加。父母对求助者的期望很高,希望其能考上好的大学。
心理测验结果:
SCL~90:躯体化2.5,强迫症状1.1,人际敏感2.6,抑郁4.4,焦虑3.9,敌对1.5,恐怖1.0,偏执0.8,精神病性1.1,其他0.7;总分201;阳性项目数51个。躯体化、人际敏感、抑郁、焦虑因子分高于常模。
SDS:粗分55分,标准分69分。属于中度抑郁。
SAS:粗分47分,标准分59分。属于轻度焦虑。
请根据案例,回答以下问题:

根据该求助者的症状,应和哪些诊断相鉴别

单项选择题