问题 填空题

(8分)某化工厂的废液经测定得知主要含有乙醇,其中还溶有苯酚(熔点:43 ℃)、乙酸和少量二氯甲烷。现欲从废液中回收它们,根据各物质的熔点和沸点,该工厂设计了以下回收的实验方案。

请完成下列问题:

(1)写出试剂A____________、B____________、C____________的化学式:A____________,B____________,C____________;

(2)写出操作D的名称:D________________;

(3)写出回收物①②和G的组成:①______________,②____________,G____________。

答案

(1)Na2CO3(或NaOH)  CO2 稀H2SO4(各1分) (2)分馏(2分) (3)二氯甲烷 乙醇 苯酚钠、乙酸钠(各1分)

试剂A使苯酚、乙酸变成对应的苯酚钠和乙酸钠,所以A可能为NaOH或Na2CO3(不能是NaHCO3,因为NaHCO3不和苯酚反应);回收物(40 ℃、78 ℃)所以操作D为分馏,G为苯酚钠和乙酸钠,通过加试剂B和操作E得到苯酚和乙酸钠溶液,可知B和苯酚钠反应生成苯酚,而与乙酸钠不反应,可知B的酸性比乙酸弱,比苯酚强,则B为CO2,操作E为分液,乙酸钠到乙酸,说明加入酸性比乙酸强的物质是稀硫酸(不能是盐酸因为其易挥发),操作F为蒸馏。

单项选择题

Leave it to writer Buchwald to bring humor to hospice. Last February, the famed satirist was diagnosed with terminal kidney failure, given three weeks to live, and transferred to a hospice for a quiet goodbye. Then the unexpected happened. His kidneys almost miraculously started working again. The poisons in his blood that were supposed to carry him out in peaceful slumber(死亡) washed out of his system, leaving instead a funny bone stunned and amused by the absurdity of the situation. It’s not every day that someone flunks hospice. Seasoned author that he is, Buchwald turned the irony into a book.

Only 10 months ago, he was a sad, 80-year-old man with a newly amputated(切除) leg and kidneys on the fritz(发生故障). Despite his family’s pleas, he entered a hospice facility, at ease with his Choice to die naturally.

Most people don’t know much about hospice, the place. It doesn’t cure; it cares, relieving physical pain and mental anguish. Most often, cancer or cardiovascular(心血管病) disease carries hospice patients to their end, usually in weeks. But some are put on hold like Buchwald. Buchwald left after five months. In one large study, 6 percent of hospice patients improved enough to be taken off the terminal list and sent home.

Buchwald was shocked when the big sleep didn’t come. Before Buchwald became the hospice’s superstar, he had been the poster boy for depression. But with the help of physicians and medication, he didn’t drown.

Laugh or cry. Facing natural death, he now offers a message many of his contemporaries need to hear. Older men, particularly those in their 80s, have the highest rate of suicide. Risk factors for them notably include health issues. In fact, suicide often comes soon after they’ve seen a doctor. On that point, Buchwald notes the medical dearth of smiles and laughter." Look at how often doctors and nurses walk into a patient’s room all serious," he says. His prescription They" need to go to Disney World to be trained."

Laughter, of course, is the best medicine, and some studies even show humor is a biological stress reliever. As Buchwald sees it, many humorists use it as therapy to block out periods of hurt or anger.

You would not know there were hurts or anger judging by his hospice time. Friends and family smothered Buchwald with love. VIPs beat a path to the hospice door. And they all came bearing food, lots of cheesecake. He thrived. After he planned his funeral, he started up writing again and found he could write wonderfully.

Buchwald is now teaching all of us how to live--and to die. Yet he’s quick to add," I have had such a good time at the hospice. I am going to miss it.\

We can infer from the text that hospice is a place ()

A. where patients who don’t want or can’t afford a treatment are cared for

B. where treatment focuses on the patient’s well-being rather than the cure

C. Where patients with terminal diseases live happily until they die

D. where less than six percents of patients make the recovery

单项选择题