问题 问答题

[历史-选修4:中外历史人物评说](15分,第1、2小题分别为8分、7分)

材料

郑板桥,清代杰出的艺术家、文学家,为“扬州八怪”的代表人物。他从小生长在农村,历经康、雍、乾三代,郑板桥提倡“文必切于日用”“笔墨之外有主张”,反对“解释古人之唾余”。他说:“千古好文章,只是即景即情,得事得理”固不必引起断律。”郑板桥一生最爱兰、竹、石,其画构图简单。主题鲜明,诗、书、画、印完美结合。他尤喜画竹,曾在一幅画上题诗说:“衙斋卧听萧萧竹,疑是民间疾苦声,些小吾曹州县吏,一枝一叶总关情”郑板桥的诗画极富生活气息,深受时人喜爱。他晚年靠卖画为生,曾题诗云:“画竹多于买作钱,纸高六尺价三千,任渠话旧论交接,只当秋风过耳边。”

——摘编自白寿彝里总主编《中国通史》

(1)根据材料并结合所学知识,概括郑板桥画作的医术特点。(8分)

(2)根据材料并结合所学知识,简析郑板桥艺术风格形成的俩是背景。(7分)

答案

参考答案:

(1)个性鲜明;借物抒情,以形表意;画风题材生活化、写实化;多种艺术形式完美结合。

(2)江南商品经济的发展;江南社会的世俗化;“经世”思想的发展。

解析:

(1)本题全部都是材料的内容,难度很低,主要就是风俗画的几大特点,一一概括即可。

(2)本题其实是课内的一部分,是中国文化中绘画部分。这一部分书中介绍了明清时期的文人画,介绍了特点,也介绍了写意画,还提到了郑板桥,因此直接联系课内所学即可。可从经济和思想文化角度来分析。

考点:中外历史人物评说•杰出的艺术家•郑板桥

问答题
阅读理解

Many of us don't pay much attention to the importance of eye care. It is said that if you take care of your body, then you can surely be healthy. That is why our eyes should be given a lot of care. Natural eye care should be put in a number one place.

There are several causes leading to poor eyesight like not enough food, genes (基因) and aging (老化). Televisions, computers and reading are also the causes of having poor eyesight. If you happen to work in front of the computer, it is best to take a break every once in a while. Something dirty can cause redness and they will make you feel uncomfortable. It is bad for your eyes, too. If this happens, the best way is to clean your eyes by using cold water. You must also try your best to protect your eyes from harmful things. For example, sunglasses are not just for fashion but they can also serve as a great way to protect your eyesight form UV rays.

Eating healthy foods will do good to your eyesight. Remember that vitamins A, C and E are good for eyes. Try to eat food groups that have these vitamins. And you should do eye exercises because exercise protects your eyesight, too. If a person exercises regularly (定期地) and eats the right kind of food, his eyes will stay in good condition for a long time.

All above are natural ways of eye care that help us keep healthy eyes. Being happy all the time can be helpful to a person's eyesight, too. In a word, eye care is very important, no matter how old a person is.

小题1:_____ is the most important way to protect our eyes.

A.Seeing the doctor

B.Taking medicine

C.Natural eye care

D.Being happy all the time小题2:All the following causes can lead to bad eyesight except _______.

A.age

B.height

C.reading

D.computers小题3:What should you do if you have to work in front of the computer?

A.Eat healthy foods.

B.Have a rest after working for a while.

C.Wear a pair of sunglasses.

D.Clean the eye by using cold water小题4:Which is the best title of the passage?

A.Ways of Being Happy

B.Ways of Eye Exercises

C.Ways of Eye Care

D.Ways of Being Healthy