问题 材料题

美国《时代》周刊从1923年创刊开始,每期的封面都会选择个主题,以人物为主,它们代表着当时人类生活的各个方面,阅读下列材料:

材料一1949年2月7日,毛 * * 首次出现在美国《时代》周刊杂志封面上(见图一),圈中毛 * * 意气风发、踌躇满志。

材料二:图二是1972年2月6日的期刊,标题:Nixon‘s China Odyssey。画面表现了尼克松与毛 * * 、周恩来的见面,参观长城以及观看歌舞表演。其中,Odyssey(旅行)在英文中有苦难、艰辛之旅的意思。

材料三:图三是1979年1月1日的期刊,邓 * * 被评为本年度的风云人物。标题写着:邓 * * ,中国新时代的形象。

图一
图二
图三

请回答:(1)依据材料一,结合所学,分析《时代》周刊选择毛 * * 为封面人物的原因,用史实说明图中的“民主统一”,井指出“民主的美国”对这个“民主统一”国家的政策。____________________________________________________________________________________________(2)依据材料二,《时代周刊》将尼克松中国之行称为艰辛之旅。指出该事件对中国的深远影响。____________________________________________________________________________________________(3)依据材料三,结合所学,分析邓 * * 被评为本年度风云人物的原因。____________________________________________________________________________________________

答案

(1)原因:国民党 * * 在大陆的统治即将崩溃;中 * * 党领导的新民主主义革命即将胜利。说明:民主:中国人民政治协商会议第一届全体会议,制定《共同纲领》,建立人民民主主义的新中国;统一:扫除国民党残余势力,完成大陆的解放。政策:美国对华奉行全面遏制(或敌对)政策,或政治孤立、军事包围、经济封锁。

(2)结束了中美两国长达二十多年的敌对状态,使我国与世界主要发达国家的联系加强,关系得到改善,为以后的改革开放创造了良好的外部环境。

(3)原因:十一届三中全会召开,做出将党和国家的工作重心转移到社会主义现代化建设上来,实行改革开放的伟大决策。

单项选择题
单项选择题

When it comes to suing doctors, Philadelphia is hardly the city of brotherly love. A combination of sprightly lawyers and sympathetic juries has made Philadelphia a hotspot for medical-malpractice lawsuits. Since 1995, Pennsylvania state courts have awarded an average of $ 2m in such cases, according to Jury Verdict Research, a survey firm. Some medical specialists have seen their malpractice insurance premiums nearly double over the past year. Obstetricians are now paying up to $104,000 a year to protect themselves.

The insurance industry is largely to blame. Carol Golin, the Monitor’s editor, argues that in the 1990s insurers tried to grab market share by offering artificially low rates (betting that any losses would be covered by gains on their investments). The stock-market correction, coupled with the large legal awards, has eroded the insurers’ reserves. Three in Pennsylvania alone have gone bust.

A few doctors--particularly older ones--will quit. The rest are adapting. Some are abandoning litigation-prone procedures, such as delivering babies. Others are moving parts of their practice to neighboring states where insurance rates are lower. Some from Pennsylvania have opened offices in New Jersey. New doctors may also be deterred from setting up shop in litigation havens, however prestigious.

Despite a Republican president, tort reform has got nowhere at the federal level. Indeed doctors could get clobbered indirectly by a Patients’ Bill of Rights, which would further expose managed care companies to lawsuits. This prospect has fuelled interest among doctors in Pennsylvania’s new medical malpractice reform bill, which was signed into law on March 20th. It will, among other things, give doctors $ 40m of state funds to offset their insurance premiums, spread the payment of awards out over time and prohibit individuals from double dipping--that is, suing a doctor for damages that have already been paid by their health insurer.

But will it really help Randall Bovbjerg, a health policy expert at the Urban Institute, argues that the only proper way to slow down the litigation machine would be to limit the compensation for pain and suffering, so-called "non-monetary damages". Needless to say, a fixed cap on such awards is resisted by most trial lawyers. But Mr Bovbjerg reckons a more nuanced approach, with a sliding scale of payments based on well-defined measures of injury, is a better way forward. In the meantime, doctors and insurers are bracing themselves for a couple more rough years before the insurance cycle turns.

Nobody disputes that hospital staff make mistakes: a 1999 Institute of Medicine report claimed that errors kill at least 44,000 patients a year. But there is little evidence that malpractice lawsuits on their own will solve the problem.

According to the text, what encourages doctors and insurers is that()

A. a new reform bill is coming into force

B. insurance premiums could be balanced

C. new medical offices have been opened up

D.injuries will be precisely measured