问题 问答题

不同的材料有不同的属性,例如铅锑合金、铜、铁的熔点不同,电阻率也不同,铅锑合金的电阻率比铜、铁的都大.(某种材料制成的长度为1m、横截面积为1mm2的导体的电阻,叫做这种材料的电阻率)为了探究制作保险丝的材料,小明做了如下的实验,将长短、粗细都相同的铅锑合金丝、铁丝、铜丝放在同一火焰上烧,发现铅锑合金丝很快熔断,而铁丝、铜丝却不熔断.他结合保险丝的作用和物质的熔点,得出如下结论:保险丝应该用熔点低的导体制成.

你认为制作保险丝的材料还应该具备什么特点?______;请你设计一个实验进行验证.

答案

(1)制作保险丝的材料具备的特点是:电阻率较大、熔点较低;

(2)设计实验如下:

取长短和粗细都相同的铅锑合金丝、铜丝、铁丝,分别放在三个装满煤油的相同规格的烧瓶中,三个瓶口均用插有相同玻璃管的橡胶塞塞紧,串联后接在低压学生电源(或电池组)上,接通电路,可以看到,安装有铅锑合金丝的烧瓶中煤油膨胀最大,而其它两个烧瓶中煤油膨胀很小,这说明在电流和通电时间都相同时,铅锑合金丝产生的热量多,结合保险丝的作用和各种导体的电阻率,可知:制作保险丝的材料必须具备电阻率(电阻)大的特点.

故答案为:电阻率大.

完形填空
 My name is Anna. I am 13 years old. I am a student   1  Grade 7. I like to play tennis and I   2  to school every day. I am strong and have   3  of hobbies. I think I need about 2,100 calories every day.
 4  breakfast, I usually eat a piece of bread and some eggs and I drink a cup of milk. This gives me about 00 calories to   5  the day.
I often have a big bowl of soup with noodles,   6  and a banana for lunch. I  7    love noodles. This meal  8  me energy for the   9  and for a game of tennis after school.
 10  dinner, I always have rice, meat and vegetables. I do not like hamburgers and Coke because they are very  11 in fat and   12 . I never eat chocolate, but sometimes I have cakes.  1 3  dinner, I take in about 70 calories.
Later in the evening, I often have a snack. That means I take in   14  2,100 calories every day.
I need to eat a lot of healthy food. It is   15  important to exercise every day. Exercise helps you stay fit!
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单项选择题