问题 解答题

人类的白化病是由隐性基因控制的一种遗传病,假设正常肤色由显性基因B控制,白化肤色是由隐性基因b控制.下图表示的是一对夫妇体细胞内控制肤色的基因组成,据图回答问题:

(1)父亲产生的生殖细胞中控制肤色的基因为______.

(2)该对夫妇所生子女的基因组成有______种,患白化病的可能性是______.

(3)如果该对夫妇所生的儿子患有白化病,这在遗传学上称为______,它是由于遗传物质发生改变引起的,所以是______.

答案

显性基因通常用大写字母表示,隐性基因用小写字母表示.假设正常肤色由显性基因B控制,白化肤色是由隐性基因b控制.从图中看出一对夫妇体细胞内控制肤色的基因组成都是Bb.这对基因的遗传图解如图所示:

(1)从遗传图解看出,父亲产生的生殖细胞中控制肤色的基因为B或b.

(2)该对夫妇所生子女的基因组成有3种,分别是BB或Bb或bb,白化病患者的基因组成是bb患白化病的可能性是1/4.

(3)生物的亲代与子代之间以及子代的个体之间在性状上的差异叫变异.按照变异的原因可以分为可遗传的变异和不遗传的变异,可遗传的变异是由遗传物质改变引起的,可以遗传给后代;由环境改变引起的变异,是不遗传的变异,不能遗传给后代.因此一对肤色正常的夫妇,生了一个白化病的儿子,体现了亲代与子代之间性状上的差异,因此这在遗传学上称为变异,它是由于遗传物质发生改变引起的,所以是可遗传的变异.

故答案为:

(1)B或b;

(2)3;1/4;

(3)变异;可遗传的变异.

完形填空
完形填空。
      Many people have to work 1___________. Some people do not mind. Other people think it's terrible. One
man thinks that working at the weekends can be 2___________. He is George Smith. Mr. Smith works in an
office, in Brighton, England. On Saturday, May 24, 1986, he went to the office to do some work. After he
3___________ the lift, it stopped between the floors. Mr. Smith could not get out of the lift. He began to shout,
but 4___________ heard him. Then Mr. Smith remembered that it was a holiday in England. No one would
come to work 5___________ Tuesday.
      There was 6___________ for Mr. Smith to do. He had to wait until one of his workmates came to work and
found him. With nothing to 7___________, Mr. Smith was very hungry and had to sleep most of the time. 
      Early on Tuesday morning, one of his workmates came into work and found the lift 8___________. When
the lift was opened, Mr. Smith came out cold, weak and tired. He had been in the lift for 9___________ hours!
Now Mr. Smith says, " I only use lifts if they have 10___________ in them."
( ) 1. A. from Monday to Friday
( ) 2. A. happy                
( ) 3. A. got off              
( ) 4. A. no one               
( ) 5. A. until                
( ) 6. A. anything             
( ) 7. A. read or write        
( ) 8. A. was not there        
( ) 9. A. nearly 24            
( ) 10. A. pans                 
B. on weekdays 
B. dangerous   
B. got into    
B. everyone    
B. to          
B. something   
B. eat or drink
B. was working     
B. about 40     
B. beds        
C. at the weekends 
C. angry           
C. got to          
C. someone         
C. from            
C. nothing         
C. cook            
C. was not closed  
C. over 94         
C. exits           
D. from morning till night
D. free                  
D. got out of            
D. nothing               
D. on                    
D. everything            
D. know the time         
D. was not working       
D. more than 60          
D. telephones            
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