问题 阅读理解

Most people around the world are right-handed. This also seems to be true in history. In 1799, scientists studied works(作品) of art made at different times from 1, 500 B. C. to the 1950s. Most of the people shown in these works are right-handed, so the scientists guessed that right-handedness has always been common through history. Today, only about 10% to 15% of the world’s population is left-handed.

Why are there more right-handed people than left-handed ones? Scientists now know that a person’s two hands each have their own jobs. For most people, the left hand is used to find things or hold things. The right hand is used to work with things. This is because of the different work of the two sides of the brain (大脑). The right side of the brain, which makes a person’s hands and eyes work together, controls(控制) the left hand. The left-side of the brain, which controls the right hand, is the centre for thinking and doing problems. These findings show that more artists should be left-handed, and studies have found that left-handedness is twice as common among artists than among people in other jobs.

No one really knows what makes a person become right-handed instead of left-handed. Scientists have found that almost 40% of the people become left-handed because their main brain is damaged(损害) when they are born. However, this doesn’t happen to everyone, so scientists guess there must be another reason (原因) why people become left-handed. One idea is that people usually get right-handed from their parents. If a person does not receive the gene (基因) for right-handedness, he/she may become either right-or left-handed according to the chance (偶然性) and the people they work or live with.

Though right-handedness is more common than left-handedness, people no longer think left-handed people are strange or unusual. A long time ago, left-handed children were made to use their right hands like other children, but today they don’t have to.

小题1: After studying works of art made at different times in history, the scientists found       .

A. the art began from 1, 500 B. C.

B. the works of art ended in the 1950s

C. most people shown in the works of art are right-handed

D. most people shown in the works of art are left-handed

小题2: How many people in the world are left-handed now?

A.Less than one sixth.

B.More than a half.

C.About 40%.

D.The passage doesn’t tell us.小题3: What is the left hand for most people used to do?

A.It’s used to find or hold things.

B.It’s used to work with things.

C.It’s used to make a person’s eyes work together.

D.It’s the centre for thinking and doing problems.小题4:  According to (根据) the  passage, which of  the following is NOT true?

A.No one really knows what makes a person become right-handed.

B.Left-handedness is cleverer than right-handedness.

C.Today children are not made to use their right hands only.

D.Scientists think there must be some reason why people become left-handed.小题5:The best title(标题) for this passage is       .

A.Scientists’ New Inventions

B.Left-handed People

C.Which Hand

D.Different Brains, Different Hands.

答案

小题1:C

小题1:A

小题1:A

小题1:B

小题1:B,所给答案不恰当。

小题1:根据第一段In 1799, scientists studied works(作品) of art made at different times from 1, 500 B. C. to the 1950s. Most of the people shown in these works are right-handed,描述,可知选C

小题1:根据第一段Today, only about 10% to 15% of the world’s population is left-handed.可知只有不到六分之一的人是左撇子,故选A

小题1:根据第二段For most people, the left hand is used to find things or hold things. 描述,可知选A

小题1:根据短文第一段及下文Scientists have found that almost 40% of the people become left-handed because their main brain is damaged(损害) when they are born.可知,左撇子在艺术方面有天赋,是因为大脑方面的原因,并不见得一定聪明,故选项B描述错误

小题1:这篇短文主要介绍了左撇子的人的特点及左撇子形成的原因,故选B,左撇子.

阅读理解与欣赏

读书意在___________

⑴我在讲了庄子心得之后,有人问我,“我离婚了,日子困难,该读什么书”,“我要高考了,我应该看哪段话”。这个问题孔子和庄子都回答不了,他们那个时代不知道现在的生活。读书并不是像有一本《百科全书》放在那里,我们一查就豁然开朗了。

⑵但读书可以使安定的生活锦上添花,可以是惶惑时候的雪中送炭,可以在遭遇困顿的时候,让我们的内心镇定而勇敢。当一个死刑犯人还在读书,那么他读书的用处肯定不是求职,可能就是为了带一份安定告别生命。

⑶读书给了我们精神生活上的储备。我把自己读书的过程,称为老牛吃草。年轻或有空的时候,我把自己懂的、不懂的书全部吞进去。当自己在成长过程中遇到坎坷、真正想到用的时候,就调出来。这就像反刍。说起来,我读书,读的数量不是最多,读的质量也不是最精。我读书只有一个秘密,就是我有反刍的功夫,到用的时候可以调出来。通过这样的方式咀嚼之后,这一部分营养可以融入我的生命。所以对我来讲读书就是一种生活方式。

⑷一个人的阅读要达到什么样的境界?中国古人说起读书,按照孔子的说法,就是“汝为君子学,不要为小人学”。何谓君子学,就是让我们更超乎功利一点,让我们所学的一切,更多的不要想着实用,而要想着修养。因为一个人,只有内心修养真正有了一种从容淡定,了解自己在这个坐标系上的位置以后,你才不会有起起伏伏的欢喜或者沮丧。我觉得这句话今天仍然适用。今天的人们读书通常走向两个极端:一个认为读书太有用了,一个认为读书太没有用了。认为太有用就是读书能装饰、提升自己;读书无用论则认为读书无法解决一日三餐的生计,读之何用?其实这两种论调,都会让我们陷入一种功利。这种功利的心情,严重剥夺了读书之乐。

⑸读书人里面我比较喜欢陶渊明。我大概从四五岁开始读书,家长通常说陶渊明是读书的反面教材,大意是,陶渊明“好读书,不求甚解”,小孩子读书万不能像他那样马马虎虎,可我从小学开始就是马虎,至今也没有改变过马虎的毛病。只是随着年龄的增长,我愈发懂得了陶渊明的境界。其实这是大人们的断章取义,他们只理解了陶渊明读书观“好读书,不求甚解”前半部分的意思,却忽略了“每有会意,便欣然忘食”的妙处。读书的境界是什么,是读到两个字叫“会意”,就是先有所会,懂的不是字面的意思。不是考据一个典故,而是一种悠然心会,就是那种无言之妙,可以读到忘了吃饭的那种欢心。

⑹读书前,如果我们换一个思路,先了解自己的迷惑,知道我们的生命需要什么,然后读书读到豁然开朗。这种阅读的境界,就太快乐了。最后可以带来一种状态,让我们在充满各种选择的时代,自己的心有一点定力。有定力之后,我们的选择就多一些依据。

⑺在我看来,惑与不惑是外在与心理的制衡。阅读不仅是一种生活的元素,也会改变我们生活的态度,让我们从急功近利中摆脱出来。让孩子明白,读书不仅仅是为升学,还与一个人的理想、人格,以及获得幸福的能力和开朗的生命智力相关。

⑻让我们在生命困顿的时候面无惧色,在生命从容的时候带有欢欣,一辈子能有更大的快乐,我觉得这就是读书的最大用途。

小题1:(1分)本学期的教材中也有一篇启发引导我们读书的名篇,就是诺贝尔文学奖获得者,瑞士作家赫尔曼·黑塞的《______________》。

小题2:(2分)第⑴段中提出问题的人,他们对读书意义的理解是_______________。

小题3:(2分)结合第(2)段内容,概括作者所说的“反刍功夫”的意思_________________。

小题4:(6分)下面对文章的理解正确的两项是(    )(    )

A.文中假设一个死刑犯的读书场景,是为了说明读书有使人内心安定而平静的作用。

B.孔子所说“为君子学”意思是君子之学是为了治国之大事,有着较高的境界,而不是为了狭隘的生存目的。

C.功利地看待读书是剥夺读书乐趣的罪魁祸首,所以读书最好没有目的,有什么就读什么。

D.作者体会陶渊明所谓“不求甚解”和“每有会意”的意思,是指读书只有领会文意,才能获得“欣然忘食”的快乐。E.本文开头与结尾内容上呼应,引导人们明白读书的意义,很有现实针对性。

小题5:(2分)结合全文内容,在标题横线中填入一个动宾短语,构成本文标题。   

小题6:(2分)古今中外有不少关于读书的格言警句,如“书犹药也,善读可以医愚”(汉·刘向)、“藏书不难,能看为难;看书不难,能读为难;读书不难,能用为难”(清·涨潮)、“读一本好书,就是和许多高尚的人谈话”(德·歌德)、“理想的书籍,是智慧的钥匙”(俄·托尔斯泰)等,请结合你自己的读书体验,运用比喻或排比的修辞手法自创一句读书格言。(30字以内)

单项选择题