问题 单项选择题 A型题

左旋多巴治疗帕金森病的机制是()

A.左旋多巴在脑内转变为多巴(DA.,补充纹状体内DA的不足

B.提高纹状体中乙酰胆碱(ACh)的含量

C.提高纹状体5-羟色胺(5-HT)含量

D.降低黑质中ACh的含量

E.阻断黑质中胆碱受体

答案

参考答案:A

解析:帕金森病是一种多巴胺神经元减少导致多巴胺缺乏所引起的综合征。因此,治疗帕金森病最为有效的办法是补充多巴胺。然而,不幸的是给患者口服或通过静脉直接补充多巴胺不能获得疗效,这是因为多巴胺不能直接通过血脑屏障。但多巴胺前体--左旋多巴能够通过血脑屏障经多巴脱羧酶的作用转化为多巴胺,从而起到治疗作用。左旋多巴进入体内后在小肠通过氨基酸泵转运进入血液,其中有超过2/3的左旋多巴被肠壁的脱羧酶脱羧,进入血液的左旋多巴95%被血液中的多巴脱羧酶代谢降解,仅有微量左旋多巴进入脑内起治疗作用,因此单用左旋多巴治疗需要较大剂量,平均需每日2~5g才能起效。但由于剂量较大,副作用较多。

阅读理解

How do most students spend(花费) their free time? Do they have time to do the things they like? Let's see what some students do during their free time. Ben is eleven. He has a sister, Kate. Both of them like going to the cinema. Every Sunday morning, they go to the town by train and then they go to the cinema because they live in the country(乡下) and there is no cinema there. They arrive in the town at noon. They usually have a big lunch in their favourite restaurant first, and then they buy some food in the supermarket (超市)before they go to their favourite cinema called Star Cinema. They like it because the seats there are comfortable and the films shown in the cinema are always the newest. They always have a good time on Sundays, but when the weather is bad or they are busy with their homework, they can't go.

小题1:Ben and Kate always spend their Sundays ________.

A.watching TV

B.going shopping

C.doing homework

D.going to the cinema小题2:They go to see a film ________.

A.at home

B.by bus

C.on foot

D.by train小题3:They go to the town to see a film because ________.

A.they like the cinema there

B.there is no cinema in the country

C.they don't know other cinemas

D.they want to go shopping in the town小题4:When they are in the town, they ________ first.

A.go to the cinema

B.buy food

C.have lunch

D.play in the street小题5:They can't go to the cinema when ________.

A.it is fine

B.they want to watch TV

C.they have little homework

D.the weather is bad or they get too much homework

单项选择题