问题 填空题

下图中的每1方格表示一种有关的反应物或生成物。其中A、C为无色气体。

完成下列问题:

(1)物质M可以是            ,F是           

(2)反应①除生成D外,生成的另一种物质的水溶液显碱性,用离子方程式解释溶液显碱性的原因:                        

(3)检验M中阳离子的方法:                             。

(4)G到E的离子反应方程式:                                         ,每生成标况下1.12L的E,转移电子          mol。

答案

(1)NH4HCO3(或(NH42CO) (1分),NO2(1分)

(2)CO32- + H2OHCO3- +OH-,(多写一步不扣分 HCO3- + H2O H2CO3 +OH-)(2分)

(3)加入氢氧化钠溶液共热,产生能使湿润的红色石蕊试纸变蓝的气体,则证明NH4+存在(其他合理答案也给分)(1分)

(4)3Cu +8H+ +2NO3- =3Cu2+ +2NO↑+ 4H2O (2分),  0.15(1分)

题目分析: M既可以和酸又可以和碱反应,并且能发生分解反应,推断为弱酸的铵盐,淡黄色粉末为Na2O2,A和C为无色气体,能和Na2O2反应生成气体氧气的是A、CO2,另一种气体为C、氨气,M为碳酸氢铵或碳酸铵,氨气和氧气发生催化氧化生成E、NO,则F为NO2,G为硝酸。所以(2)CO2和Na2O2反应生成Na2CO3,碳酸根水解溶液显碱性,(3)见答案;(4)生成0.05摩尔的NO,转移电子0.05×3=0.15.

阅读理解

Beauty has always been regarded as something praiseworthy. Almost everyone thinks attractive people are happier and healthier,have better marriages and have more respectable occupations. Personal consultants give them better advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attractive defendants(被告).But in the executive circle,beauty can become a liability.

While attractiveness is a positive factor for a man on his way up the executive ladder,it is harmful to a woman.

Handsome male executives were thought as having more integrity than plainer men;effort and ability were thought to account for their success.

Attractive female executives were considered to have less integrity than unattractive ones;their success was attributed not to ability but to factors such as luck.

All unattractive women executives were thought to have more integrity and to be more capable than the attractive female executives. Interestingly,though,the rise of the unattractive overnight successes was attributed more to personal relationships and less to ability than that of attractive overnight successes.

Why are attractive women not thought to be able?An attractive woman is thought to be more feminine and an attractive man more masculine(有男子气概的)than the less attractive ones. Thus,an attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally female jobs,but an attractive woman in a traditionally masculine position appears to lack the “masculine” qualities required.

This is true even in politics. “When the only clue is how he or she looks,people treat men and women differently,”says Anne Bowman,who recently published a study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates. She asked 125 undergraduate students to rank two groups of photographs,one of men and one of women,in order of attractiveness. The students were told the photographs were of candidates for political offices. They were asked to rank them again,in the order they would vote for them.

The results showed that attractive males utterly defeated unattractive men,but the women who had been ranked most attractive invariably received the fewest votes.

小题1:The underlined word “liability”(in Para.1)most probably means “________”.

A.misfortune

B.instability

C.disadvantage

D.burden小题2:In traditionally female jobs,attractiveness________.

A.reinforces(加强)the feminine qualities required

B.makes women look more honest and capable

C.is of primary importance to women

D.often enables women to succeed quickly小题3:Bowman's experiment reveals that when it comes to politics,attractiveness________.

A.turns out to be an obstacle to men

B.affects men and women alike

C.has as little effect on men as on women

D.is more of an obstacle than a benefit to women小题4:It can be inferred from the passage that people's views on beauty are often________.

A.practical

B.prejudiced

C.old­fashioned

D.pessimistic小题5:The author writes this passage to________.

A.demand equal rights for women

B.emphasize the importance of appearance

C.discuss the negative aspects of being attractive

D.give advice to job­seekers who are attractive

多项选择题