问题 多项选择题

与小胶质细胞有关的病理改变有()。

A.噬神经细胞现象

B.胶质结节

C.泡沫细胞

D.卫星现象

E.杆状细胞

答案

参考答案:A, B

阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文字,完成下列各题(15分)

微  火

周蓬桦

我在野地里闲逛,手里夹着一支香烟,它可以和内心暗藏的微火呼应,还可以让你在夜幕下或者大风中游走,穿过一条危机四伏的道路。

一个人内心的火焰,生来就有。我曾经的一位邻居,有一年他得上一种怪病,躺在床上再也没有起来。他用仰躺的方式延续生命倒也罢了,令我感到残忍的是,几乎每天,他的身上必需要扎满银针才能缓解疼痛。我隔一段时间就去看望他,出门后都要难过好久,因为我看到一个全身被扎满针的人如何向来客展示微笑。他太太告诉我,如果哪天碰巧天气不好,大夫没有及时赶来,老人就会陷入恐慌状态,即便他的病当时并没有发作。他让家人一次次打去电话,“大夫到哪儿了?快催催,我觉得快不行了。”一场大雨过后,大夫终于赶来,他迫不急待朝身上指指:“快,给我的全身都扎上针。”

我听了这样的讲述,又对死亡的疑虑增加了几分。死亡究竟意味着什么?每个人必须付出死的代价才能验证。可气的是,对于它的验证结果,哪怕是个美妙仙境,也无法将信息完整地传递给活着的人们。换一个角度说,假如死亡世界果真是个美妙的仙境,这个事实得到科学的鉴定,人类会不会忽然就变得轻松呢?会不会丢下眼前痛苦琐碎的生活,纷纷往死亡的仙境里逃跑呢?

我记得在夜晚穿行的那一刻,总是在头上闪烁的星光突然消失。四周晚冬的荒野,扭曲的枯树,几丛苇草,早已干涸的水洼,斜坡上的幽暗洞穴,给人造成一种很可怕的错觉,觉得自己置身于上帝的某种设计中了。此刻,风声、夜鸟的叫声、远处的村庄,都达到了对生命考验的联盟和默契。人的恐惧正是源于这种未知,心想如果今夜神开恩让我走出荒野,就是最大的恩赐。而当我走出困境、抵达温暖的屋舍之后,与友人饮酒、聊天,畅谈历险,却又很快忘记了神的存在。神之所以为神,就是不轻易计较人类的失礼,而人做不到这样。

田野上有一幢草楼,那是被农人废弃的护青人的居所。想起它,我的脑子里就立即浮现出一个满头长癞疤的人,手里提着一杆火枪围着大片的农作物转悠。这个人是我母亲的叔伯兄弟,我叫他癞疤四舅。他的生活没有讲究,饿了从土里拔下一只萝卜,渴了削下一根秫秸,从中汲取甘汁。他的身上没有一点赘肉,因为他身上有了多余的东西,就把它归还给野地。他的整个人生,与粮食、牲口、日月、河湾、土炕等事物有关,而远离研究、礼仪、述职、嫉妒、级别等一切所谓文明社会的零部件。

日益重复的生活已经消磨了我们的激情,我们需要不间断地到野地里摄取,才能获得天然的元素。有时候我真的羡慕癞疤四舅,他怀抱一杆土枪做梦,秋收后离开田野,熬过冬天直至过完一生。后来在一年秋收过后,他果真死去了,过了一个多月才被人发现。于是人们感叹:“癞疤可真可怜啊!” 但我分明看到他倚着土墙的样子,死亡在他的脸上,流淌得十分安详。

在癞疤四舅死后不久,我姥姥镇上的大人物—— 一个姓胡的镇长死了,镇上顿时热闹起来,全镇停工三天。接下来是隆重的追悼会,吹吹打打,送葬的男男女女都哭肿了眼睛,可结果还是得把镇长埋到荒野里。胡镇长死后不到一年,他年轻的老婆就改嫁了。而此前,人们就早已不再提起胡镇长。

今天,在沉沉夜幕下,我重温着人世间发生的这些事情,感到人的一生像一支燃烧的香烟,吸一口才能亮一下。

(选自《天涯》,有删改)

小题1:下列对文本有关内容的分析和概括,最恰当的两项是(  )(  )(5分)

A.本文语言风格古朴自然,能灵活运用比喻、拟人、夸张、反问等多种修辞手法,使叙事更生动、议论更形象。

B.本文叙议结合,大处着眼,小处落笔,折射出作家对人类的悲悯和对人生的探寻,从而把作品提到一个很高的思想境界。

C.第三段对死亡世界的思考颇为独特,大概正是对死亡世界的无知,人才贪生恶死。

D.第四段讲“我”曾经一走出荒野就忘了神的存在,就是要以人对神失礼反衬神的宽容。 E.姥姥镇上的胡镇长的葬礼风风光光,但他很快被人们忘掉了,他老婆也改嫁了。他生前风光,死后速朽,强烈对比说明了人死光灭的道理。

小题2:本文第二段写了一个得病的邻居,联系全文分析这一内容在文中的作用。(4分)

小题3:联系全文,分条陈述“微火”的丰富内涵。(6分)

阅读理解

Cricket

About the game:

Cricket is a game played between two teams, generally of 11 members each. Essentially, it is single combat, in which an individual batsman does battle against an individual bowler, who has helpers known as fielders. The bowler throws the ball from one end of the 22-yard pitch in an attempt to dismiss (send out) the batsman by hitting a target known as the wicket at the other end, or by causing the batsman to hit the ball into the air into a fielder's grasp. The batsman attempts to defend the wicket with the bat and to score runs, by striking the ball to the field boundary, or far enough from the fielders to allow the batsman to run to the other end of the pitch before the ball can be returned. There are always two batsmen on the field, each to take a turn as required. When all but one of the batting team, altogether eleven of them, have been dismissed, the teams' roles are switched. After all the players required to bat on both sides have done so either once or twice (which can take from a few hours to five days) the total number of runs accumulated determines the winner. But sometimes there isn't one.

Important terms of cricket:

Batsman: A player who uses a bat to hit, or guide the ball after it has been bowled, usually for the purpose of scoring runs.

Boundary: Indicates the outer limit of the playing area.

Bowler: Refers to a player who’s primarily good at throwing a ball to a batsman. The basic goal is to get the ball past the batsman and break the wicket behind him with it and thus cause the batsman to be dismissed.

Catch: If a fieldsman catches a struck ball before it touches the ground, that is a catch and the batsman is out.

Fielder: A player placed within the field, with the object of stopping the batting team from scoring runs, also called “fieldsman”.

Four: If the ball is hit to bounce or roll over the boundary, this is a "boundary four"; four runs are added.

Run: The method of scoring during a game of cricket. Also refers to a single unit of score.

Six: If the batsman hits the ball clear over the boundary on the fly, six runs are added to the score.

Umpire: A person appointed to rule on plays in cricket.

64. What’s the right order of the four kinds of people (1—4 ) on the cricket ground (see picture on the right ) ?

A. bowler; umpire; batsman; fielder          B. batsman; umpire; fielder; bowler

C. fielder; bowler; batsman; umpire          D. bowler; umpire; fielder; batsman

65. What happens when the batsman hits the ball, which first touches the ground inside the pitch and rolls quickly over the boundary to one of the viewers outside the cricket ground?

A. The batsman gets dismissed.             B. The batting side gets four runs.

C. The batting team gets six runs.           D. The bowler’s team gets four runs.

66. We can learn from the passage that ________.

A. the side which has all its batsmen dismissed wins the game

B. the side which dismisses all batsmen of the other side wins the game

C. the side which gets more runs than the other side wins the game

D. the side which dismisses more of the other side’s batsmen wins the game