问题 配伍题 B1型题

外阴硬化性苔藓真皮层早期变化
外阴鳞状上皮细胞增生真皮层
外阴鳞状上皮细胞增生表皮层

A.角化过度或角化不全,棘细胞增厚,上皮脚向下延伸

B.过度角化甚至出现角栓,表皮萎缩变薄,上皮脚变钝或消失

C. * * 层水肿,血管扩大充血

D.浅层有少量淋巴细胞和浆细胞浸润

E.胶原纤维玻璃样变,均质化带下有淋巴细胞和浆细胞浸润

答案

参考答案:C,D,A

阅读理解

Endless playing of songs like All I want for Christmas in shops during the festive season doesn’t just drive us mad —the songs also make us more careless with our money, research has warned.

While repeated performance of Jingle Bells may seem like an innocent attempt to raise customers’ spirits during the nightmare of Christmas shopping, the songs also have a more delicate impact.

“Background music, or “Muzak”,can be used by marketers to impose cultures ---such as the commercialization of Christmas--- onto consumers and influence their behaviour,” experts said.

Dr. Alan Bradshaw of Royal Holloway, University of London, said, “Festive jingles are force-fed to Christmas shoppers in a bid to change their mood, influence their sense of time and what sort of products they buy. In other words, this is an attempt to control your shopping habits in a way that you might hardly be aware of.”

“Often we are told that we have the freedom to choose where we want to shop, but during Christmas the use of music in this way is so common that our freedom to choose disappears.”

Dr. Bradshaw and Prof Morris Holbrook of Columbia University examined the phenomenon and found that retailers often “dumb down” the music played in shops to relax customers, meaning it is easier to control their behaviour.

It is thought that slowing down the rhythm of music in shops can trick customers into thinking less time has passed, and therefore spend more time examining the shelves, for example.

Some providers of background music have been known to promote their services by claiming they can boost profits by controlling the behaviour of customers.

“A common trick is to take a popular current song and record an instrumental version which can be slowed down or sped up at different time of the day to influence behaviour in different ways,” Dr. Bradshaw said.

Background music is often classed as “Muzak” in honor of the Seattle-based company which began producing its soft-sounding melodies in the 1930s.

小题1:According to Dr. Bradshaw, in what ways does Christmas music influence customers?

①their mood              ②their income

③their sense of time        ④ the sort of products they buy

A.①②③

B.①③④

C.②③④

D.①②④小题2: Shopkeepers slow down the rhythm of music in shops to ___________.

A.let customers spend more time shopping

B.make customers and sales assistants relaxed

C.let customers enjoy the beautiful music

D.help customers find what they really want小题3:What kind of music is now often adapted to influence customers in shops?

A.Classical music

B.Popular modern songs.

C.Folk songs.

D.Jazz music.小题4:What is the best title of the passage?

A.Music makes happy Christmas

B.Christmas “Muzak”

C.How to make Christmas music?

D.Christmas music makes us spend more

单项选择题 A1/A2型题