问题 问答题 简答题

简述系统测试的主要步骤。

答案

参考答案:

系统测试工作按模块测试(单调)、子系统测试(分调)、系统测试(联调)和验收测试四个步骤进行,具体内容如下:

(1)模块测试。模块测试是对单个模块进行的测试,目的是保证每个模块作为一个单元能够正确运行。通常情况下,模块测试方案设计比较容易,发现的错误主要是编码和详细设计方面的错误。模块测试比系统测试更容易发现错误,能更有效地进行排错处理,是系统测试的基础。

(2)子系统测试。子系统测试是在模块测试的基础上,将测试过的模块组合起来形成一个子系统进行测试。子系统测试主要解决模块间的相互调用、通信问题,所以测试重点在接口方面。子系统测试通常采用自顶向下和自底向上两种测试方法。

(3)系统测试。在所用子系统都成功测试之后,将它们组合起来进行的测试就是系统测试。系统测试主要解决的是各子系统之间的数据通信、数据共享问题,测试系统是否满足用户要求。系统测试的依据是系统分析报告,要全面考查系统是否达到了设计目标。系统测试可以发现系统分析遗留的未解决问题。

(4)验收测试。在系统测试完成后,要进行用户的验收测试。验收测试是把系统作为单一的实体进行测试,它是用户在实际应用环境中所进行的真实数据测试。与系统测试的内 * * 本一致,测试要使用手工系统所用过的历史数据,将运行结果与手工所得相核对,考查系统的可靠性和运行效率。

阅读理解

Today,people all over the world are moving out of small villages in the country to go and live in big,noisy cities.They are moving from the peaceful hills,mountains,fields,rivers and streams of the countryside to the busy world of streets,buildings,traffic and crowds.This movement from rural areas to urban_areas has been going on for over two hundred years.

In many countries,the main reason why people come to live in towns and cities is work.After one or two large factories have been built in or near a town,people come to find work,and soon an industrial area begins to grow.There is usually a residential area nearby,where the factory workers can live.The families of these workers need schools,hospitals and shops,so more people come to live in the area to provide these services and a city grows.

In every major city in the world,there is a business district where the big companies have their main offices.In the United States,this area is usually in the city centre.It is here that you can see the huge skyscraper office blocks.The people who work here often travel a long way to work each day.Many of them live in the suburbs of the city,far away from the industrial area and the city centre.Some suburbs are very pleasant,with nice houses and big gardens.There are usually parks for children to play in and large department stores where you can buy all you need.

But what is the future of the big cities? Will they continue to get bigger? Perhaps not.Some major cities have actually become smaller in the last ten years,and it is quite possible that one day we will see people moving out of the major cities and back into smaller towns and villages.

小题1:We can easily know that the underlined phrase “urban areas” means________.

A.areas of the countryside

B.areas of a town or city

C.areas near the countryside

D.areas near a town or city小题2:Why do people move to live in cities or towns?

A.Because they can live more comfortably there.

B.Because they prefer a noisy life to a peaceful life.

C.Because they want to find work.

D.Because they are sure of having a better life there.小题3:In a residential area,you can see________.

A.rows of houses,schools and shops

B.many offices and factories

C.a lot of factories and farms

D.many houses with offices and factories小题4:In the United States many people work in the centre of a big city________.

A.while living on the faraway edge of the city

B.and live there

C.but live in another city

D.but live far away out of the city

名词解释