搜题请搜索小程序“爱下问搜题”
问题 单项选择题

发改委51号令是指（）。

A．《烟草专卖法实施条例》

B．《烟草专卖许可证管理办法》

C．《烟草专卖品准运证管理办法》

D．《烟草专卖行政处罚程序规定》

答案

参考答案：B

单项选择题 案例分析题

一般资料：求助者，女性，27岁，公司职员。案例介绍：求助者不合群，经常和父母、同事、客户发生矛盾，人际关系紧张。最近又因琐事与同事发生矛盾，很生气，也为此痛苦，主动来心理咨询。下面是心理咨询师与该求助者的一段对话：心理咨询师：你认为你生气的原因是什么？求助者：主要是和同事搞不好关系，有些人总爱挑我的毛病，我比较能干，在公司的业绩不错，别人嫉妒我，就常常因为一些小事和我过不去。心理咨询师：是别人挑你的毛病造成你生气吗？求助者：那当然是，如果别人不挑我的毛病，我怎么会生气？心理咨询师：我们来看一个例子，假若某一天，你在咖啡店里喝咖啡，这时走过来一个人，把你的咖啡碰洒了，你会怎样想？求助者：我会很生气，这个人怎么这样不小心。心理咨询师：但如果你知道他是个盲人，你又会怎样呢？求助者：盲人啊……盲人是看不见的，我想我会原谅他。心理咨询师：你看，咖啡洒了，无论什么原因它就是一件事，但由于不同的认知结果，就会产生不同的情绪。所以，对事物的认知，才是引起情绪的真正原因。求助者：是这样吗？（沉默）你说的好像有道理。心理咨询师：人对生活中发生的事件都会有些看法，有的是合理的，有的是不合理的，不同的认识会导致不同的情绪状态。如果你认识到自己现在的情绪状态是一些不合理的认知所造成的，通过改变它你就能控制自己的情绪。求助者：真会这样吗？心理咨询师：你遇到的那些事，别人也可能遇到，但别人不一定都像你现在这样子，你说这是怎么回事？求助者：你是说我和他们的认识不一样吗？可我还没看出我对别人挑我毛病的认识有哪些不合理的地方。心理咨询师：这正是下一步要讨论的问题。你冷静地想一下，你和同事关系很紧张的原因是什么？求助者：那些人总爱挑我的毛病。心理咨询师：你不许人家挑你毛病的理由是什么呢？求助者：我工作做得好，客户多，他们凭什么挑我的毛病？心理咨询师：你可以希望别人不挑你的毛病，但你不能不许别人挑你的毛病。求助者：对别人不能提出要求吗？心理咨询师：你可以对别人提出要求，但是你要求你对别人怎样，别人就应该对你怎样，这是一种不合理的信念，一种绝对化的要求，因为我们无法要求别人必须为我们做什么。如果我们把对别人的"要求"变成"希望"，当我们不希望的事发生时，最多是一种失望，不会过分地怨恨别人，自己也就不会生气了。求助者：您讲得很对，但我担心自己做不到这点。您说这毛病能改吗？心理咨询师：你的问题是长期形成的，要想很快改变是困难的。但是只要在实践中不断改变，从一点一滴做起，出现反复不要灰心，贵在坚持，一定会达到理想效果的。

"是别人挑你的毛病造成你生气吗？"，在这里心理咨询师使用了（）。

A.开放式提问

B.具体化技术

C.封闭式提问

D.摄入性谈话
查看答案
填空题

Five Painful Facts You Need to Know


0. First of all, let’s set the record straight: Pain is normal. About 75 million U.S. residents endure chronic or recurrent pain. So what is pain and why do so many suffer so long Pain is felt when electrical signals are sent from nerve endings to your brain, which in turn can release painkillers called endorphins and generate reactions that range from instant and physical to long-term and emotional. Beyond that, scientific understanding gets painfully fuzzy. Here’s what’s known:
1. When you’re in pain, you know it. But if scientists could fully grasp how pain works and why, they might be able to help you more. The American Academy of Pain Medicine defines pain as "an unpleasant sensation and emotional response to that sensation." Some pain is the result of an obvious injury. Other times, it is caused by damaged nerves that are not so easy to pinpoint. "Pain is complex and defies our ability to establish a clear definition," says Kathryn Weiner, director of the American Academy of Pain Management. "Pain is far more than neural transmission and sensory transduction. Pain is a complex mixture of emotions, culture, experience, spirit and sensation."
2. If you have chronic pain, you know how demoralizing and debilitating it can be, physically and mentally. It can prevent you from doing things and make you irritable for reasons nobody else understands. But that’s only half the story. People with chronic backaches have brains as much as 11 percent smaller than those of non-sufferers, scientists reported in 2004. They don’t know why. "It is possible it’s just the stress of having to live with the condition," said study leader A. Vania Apkarian of Northwestern University. "The neurons become overactive or tired of the activity."
3. It may not eliminate the phrase "Not tonight, honey ..." but a 2006 study found that migraine sufferers had levels of sexual desire 20 percent higher than those suffering from tension headaches. The finding suggests sexual desire and migraines might be influenced by the same brain chemical, and getting a better handle on the link could lead to better treatments, at least for the pain portion of the equation.
4. Any man who has watched a woman having a baby without using drugs would swear that women can tolerate anything. But the truth is, it hurts more than you can imagine. Women have more nerve receptors than men. As an example, women have 34 nerve fibers per square centimeter of facial skin, while men average just 17. And in a 2005 study, women were found to report more pain throughout their lifetimes and, compared to men, they feel pain in more areas of their body and for longer durations.
5. Animal research could offer clues to eventually relieve human suffering. Take the naked mole rat, a hairless and nearly blind subterranean creature. A study this year found it feels neither the pain of acid nor the sting of chili peppers. If researchers can figure out why, they might be on the road to new sorts of painkilling therapies for humans. In 2006, scientists found a pathway for the transmission of chronic pain in rats that they hope will translate into better understanding of human chronic pain. Lobsters feel no pain, even when boiled, scientists said in a 2005 report that is just one more salvo in a long-running debate.
A. Women feel more pain
B. Chronic pain is common
C. Chronic pain shrinks brains
D. Migraines and sex go together
E. Pain brings about more stress
F. Scientists don’t understand pain fully
G. Animal research may relieve human pain

Paragraph 2 ______
查看答案