问题 阅读理解

A recent report from Dazhou Daily says about 18% of Dazhou teenagers can have problems with their minds(内心,精神). Some students become worried because they have to study very hard. Others have trouble getting on well with people like their parents and classmates.

Zhang Qiang, a Junior 2 student from Dazhou, could not understand his teachers in class and was doing badly in his lessons. He was afraid of exams. When he looked at the exam paper, he couldn’t think of anything to write.

Another student, a 15-year-old girl called Wu Yan from Guang’an often argued with her classmates even her parents because of some different ideas. She became so angry with them that she started to cut her finger with a knife.

However, many students who have problems won’t go for advice or help. Some think they will look stupid(愚蠢的) if they go to see a doctor. Others don’t want to talk about their secrets. In order to solve the teenagers’ problems, here is some advice :

●Talk to your parents or teachers often.

●Take part in group activities and play sports.

●Go to see a doctor if you feel unhappy or unwell.

小题1:It is reported that __________ students in Dazhou can have problems with their minds.

A.most

B.many

C.some

D.all the小题2:From the passage we know teenagers have problems with their minds because of __________.

A. their study                    

B. getting on with other people

C. their hobbies                   

D. A and B.

小题3:Wu Yan started to cut her finger with a knife because __________.

A.she couldn’t get on well with her classmates and even her parents

B.she could not understand her teachers in class

C.she was afraid of exams

D.she had no money for a new shirt小题4:Why don’t the students who have problems want to go for help?

A.Because they think no one will help them.

B.Because they don’t want to talk about their secrets and they think it’s stupid to see a doctor.

C.Because they think they can solve the problems by themselves.

D.Because they think the doctors could do nothing with their problems.小题5:How many pieces of advice are given to the teenagers who have problems in this passage?

A.Two.

B.Three.

C.Four.

D.Five.

答案

小题1:C

小题2:D

小题3:A

小题4:B

小题5:B

题目分析:这篇短文中作者主要介绍了达州日报的一份调查结果,该地区有近五分之一的青少年有精神问题,原因在于学习的压力和与人交流的障碍,并举例说明,最后提出了三条建议。

小题1:细节理解题。根据短文第一段A recent report from Dazhou Daily says about 18% of Dazhou teenagers can have problems with their minds可知有近五分之一的青少年有精神问题;故选C。

小题2:细节理解题。根据短文第一段Some students become worried because they have to study very hard. Others have trouble getting on well with people like their parents and classmates.可知这部分青少年的精神问题原因来自于两个方面,学习的压力及和他人相处的问题;故选D。

小题3:细节理解题。根据短文第三段Another student, a 15-year-old girl called Wu Yan from Guang’an often argued with her classmates even her parents because of some different ideas.可知,吴燕的精神问题来自于与同学甚至是父母的交流问题;故选A。

小题4:细节理解题。根据短文第四段Some think they will look stupid(愚蠢的) if they go to see a doctor. 可知,有问题的学生不愿看医生的原因在于他们怕受到别人的嘲笑;故选B。

小题5:细节理解题。根据短文最后给这些问题少年提出了三个建议,故选B。

阅读理解与欣赏

现代文大阅读

干涸的鸿沟,历史的裂痕

王剑冰

古人有话,生于苏杭,葬于北邙。

在邙山莽莽黄土之上,到处布满了高高低低的墓群。这些墓群依次排列开去,似在诉说着那些尘埋的历史。就在黄河岸边,邙山之巅,横向里现出一条沟壑,像谁猛舞利刃,在历史的深处划出一道裂痕。这就是鸿沟。曾经搅乱历史风云的鸿沟;让人发无数联想的鸿沟。

这道沟,原口宽有八百米,深达两百米,原名叫广武涧,是战国时期魏国开凿的引黄济田的水利工程。当时的场景让今人难以想象:鸿沟的北面是滔滔的黄河,西南面则群山万壑。沟中滚滚的黄河水深不可测,沟的四周万木丛生,百兽哀鸣。其地势之险,是东西向的咽喉要塞。有人说,当取天下之日,中原在所必争。古往今来,中原多少战事如烟云过眼,唯鸿沟引出的故事成千古绝唱。

走进这个故事的两个人物,起先无甚大名,却胸有大志。史有传闻,当以勾画万里长城的大手笔著称的始皇车队路过时,有两个人在赞叹之余,同时发出了不同的豪言。一说:“大丈夫当如是也!”一说:“彼可取而代之!”说前一句的较工于心计,后来做了汉朝的开国皇帝;说后一句的则少城府,鸿门宴放走了死对头,一把火焚烧了阿房宫,空做一场皇帝梦。

鸿门宴与鸿沟都是鸿字起头,本没有自然的联系,但总让人感到有某种天然的巧合。鸿门宴之时,项羽大军40万,刘邦仅有10万。项羽若依范增计杀掉狡诈多谋的刘邦,便不会再有后面的鸿沟之争。偏偏项羽自恃高强而犹豫不定,失去了重要的一次机会,以致放虎归山,使之形成与项羽抗衡的军事阵营。鸿门宴是项羽的一个败笔,鸿沟亦然。项羽失去了最后的机会。其时是公元前202年,鸿沟西侧是刘邦的汉王城,东侧筑起项羽的霸王城。项羽势强,两军对垒,可还是让刘邦滑了过去。

两个鸿字,让项羽有了终生的遗憾。最终自刎乌江。项羽毕竟是项羽,其如果过江而去,汲取教训,重整旗鼓,历史还不定如何写就。但项羽的性格决定了他只能以这样的结局塑造自己的形象。多少年后,一个忧惋的女子在一个梧桐更兼细雨的黄昏想起项 * * ,依然感叹不已:“生当做人杰,死亦为鬼雄。”李氏之类女子心目中的英雄,于刘项之间,非项莫属。成者英雄败者贼,这贼的骂名,怎么也安不到项羽身上。

在两军对垒,楚军久攻汉军无果的时候,项羽支起了一口大锅,欲把刘邦的老父煮了。而刘邦却耍起了无赖,说:“吾与项羽俱北面受命怀王,曰‘约为兄弟’,吾翁即若翁,必欲烹而翁,则幸分我一杯羹。”不知太史公如何得知血肉横飞的战场上,这等糅和着残忍与机诡的情节。项羽太要了名声和体面,人家的老爹没有杀掉,还和刘邦在鸿沟平分了天下。这在项羽来说可能是无奈之举,两年半的争斗中,刘邦已渐渐缓过劲来;而对于刘邦,则是一种缓兵之策。其一旦羽翼丰满,便想遮蔽整个中国了。野心乘势,要比项羽来得十二分的凶猛。最终导演了一场历史上最有感染力的话剧,这场“霸王别姬”,让天地为之动容。当虞姬拔剑起舞,血别项羽,正是四面楚歌唱响之时。“力拔山兮气盖世,时不利兮骓不逝,骓不逝兮可奈何,虞兮虞兮奈若何!”英雄与美人,刀剑与热血,在那个凄惋之夜形成鲜明的对立。

鸿沟只是一个摆设,一个布景道具,然而,它又是煌煌史册中的神来之笔。这一笔是最有说服力的警言妙语。有人要将长江变成第二个鸿沟时,毛 * * 没听那一套,“宜将剩勇追穷寇,不可沽名学霸王”,这一警觉与历史紧密相连。刘氏建立汉朝之后,恐怕没有故地重游。这里说不上是他的光荣呢,还是耻辱。倒是多少年以后,一个叫做阮籍的人信马由缰,来到这里,看着早已是断壁残垣的古战场,不禁仰天长叹:“时无英雄,使竖子成名!”这声叹息由着狂舞的涧风,飞扬了数千年,对其的认识却莫衷一是。那是个产生故事的时代,由鸿沟所派生出的诸多故事,足以让后人品味。

历史总是要向前发展的,不管是秦始皇精心修造的长城,还是刘邦与项羽利用的这条鸿沟,都不能阻挡住历史的风雨。这风雨可以使长城颓毁,也可以将鸿沟填平。现在,它们早已不再是深不可测,无法逾越了。鸿沟看上去是那么普通,就像一条干涸的河道,完全没有当年的险要。甚至让人想不出,这样的一条沟是如何能够将两支兵马分而拒之。

黄土漫漫,芳草萋萋,顺黄河而来的风,腾挪漫卷,似搅起阵阵马蹄和喊杀的烟尘。

17.文章在对项羽和刘邦这两个历史人物成败得失的思考、评说中,选取了刘、项之争中具有决定性意义的_________、__________、__________等几个场景。作者回放历史,把鸿沟定格在最浓墨重彩之处,从写法的角度,分析其用意在于________________。(4分)

18.如何理解“鸿沟只是一个摆设,一个布景道具,然而,它又是煌煌史册中的神来之笔“?(4分)

19.文章开头和结尾都运用了景物描写,试分析两处景物描写的作用有何不同(4分)

20.文章中说“由鸿沟所派生出的诸多故事,足以让后人品味”,联系文章分析,后人从鸿沟的有关故事中“品味”出了哪些内容?(5分)

单项选择题