问题 单项选择题 B型题

宫颈鳞状上皮中度不典型增生()

A.癌前疾病

B.恶性肿瘤

C.良性肿瘤

D.浸润癌

E.癌前病变

答案

参考答案:E

解析:结肠、直肠多发性腺瘤是结直肠癌的癌前疾病;多发性骨髓瘤以及黑色素瘤,虽然是以瘤命名,但均为恶性肿瘤;葡萄胎则是一种良性肿瘤;皮肤鳞癌Ⅰ级是浸润癌;宫颈鳞状上皮中度不典型增生是宫颈癌的癌前病变。

选择题
单项选择题

Young girls at high risk for depression appear to have a malfunctioning reward system in their brains, a new study suggests. The finding comes from research that (1) a high-risk group of 13 girls, aged 10 to 14, who were not depressed but had mothers who (2) recurrent depression and a low-risk group of 13 girls with no (3) or family history of depression. Both groups were given MRI brain (4) while completing a task that could (5) either reward or punishment.

(6) with girls in the low-risk group, those in the high-risk group had (7) neural responses during both anticipation and receipt of the reward. (8) , the high-risk girls showed no (9) in an area of the brain called the dorsal anterior cingulated cortex (背侧前扣带皮质), believed to play a role in (10) past experiences to assist learning.

The high-risk girls did have greater activation of this brain area (11) receiving punishment, compared with the other girls. The researchers said that this suggests that high-risk girls have easier time (12) information about loss and punishment than information about reward and pleasure.

"Considered together with reduced activation in the striatal (纹状体的) areas commonly observed (13) reward, it seems that the reward-processing system is critically (14) in daughters who are at elevated risk for depression, (15) they have not yet experienced a depressive (16) ," wrote Ian H. Gotlib, of Stanford University, and his colleagues. " (17) , longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether the anomalous activations (18) in this study during the processing of (19) and losses are associated with the (20) onset of depression," they concluded. The study was published in the April of the Archives of General Psychiatry.

18()

A.carried

B.observed

C.effected

D.suffered