问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面一首词,然后回答问题。

少年游

润州作,代人寄远

苏 轼

去年相送,余杭门外,飞雪似杨花。今年春尽,杨花似雪,犹不见还家。

对酒卷帘邀明月,风露透窗纱。恰似姮娥怜双燕,分明照、画梁斜。

注 宋神宗煕宁七年(1074)四月,任杭州通判的苏轼因赈济灾民而居润州(今江苏镇江),为寄托自己对妻子的思念之情,他写下了这首词。

(1)词的上片所写的基本内容是什么?有什么作用?

答:                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          (2)本词在写法上有什么特点,试作简要分析。

答:                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          

答案

(1)上片写夫妻别离时间之久,诉说亲人不当别而别、当归而未归。为下片刻画妻子对月思己的孤寂、惆怅作铺垫。

(2)本词写法新巧别致。主要有三个特点:一是运用了比拟手法,上片中“飞雪”与“杨花”互喻恰当,比拟工整,手法独特;二是运用了反衬手法,词人用双栖燕反衬出单栖人的思念之苦,月照梁上双燕,反衬出妻子思情之孤苦、凄冷;三是整首词借思妇想念行役在外的丈夫表达词人对妻子的思念之情,以思妇口吻诉说不当别而别、当归而未归的痛苦心情。

(1)上片前三句分别点明离别的时间——“去年相送”;离别的地点——“余杭门外”;分别时的气候——“飞雪似杨花 ”。把分别的时间与地点说得如此之分明,说明夫妻间无时无刻不在惦念。大雪纷飞本不是出门的日子,可是公务在身,不得不送丈夫冒雪出发,这种凄凉气氛自然又加深了平日的思念。后三句与前三句对举,同样点明时间——“ 今年春尽”,气候——“杨花似雪 ”,可是去年送别的丈夫“犹不见还家 ”。原以为此次行役的时间不长,当春即可还家,可如今春天已尽,杨花飘絮,却不见人归来,怎能不叫人牵肠挂肚呢?这一段引入了《诗·小雅·采薇》“昔我往矣,杨柳依依;今我来思,雨雪霏霏”的手法,而“雪似杨花”、“杨花似雪”两句,比拟既工,语亦精巧,可谓推陈出新的绝妙好辞。

杨花在诗歌中是用来象征离情别绪的。抓住上阕中时间名词“去年”“今年”结合杨花即可得出基本内容。上阕主要是在回忆叙事,点明下阕情感产生的原因。

(2)下片转写夜晚,着意刻画妻子对月思己的孤寂、惆怅。“对酒卷帘邀明月,风露透窗纱”,说的是在寂寞中,本想仿效李白的“举杯邀明月,对影成三人”,卷起帘子引明月作伴,可是风露又乘隙而入,透过窗纱,扑入襟怀。结尾三句是说,妻子在人间孤寂地思念丈夫,恰似姮娥在月宫孤寂地思念丈夫后羿一样。姮娥怜爱双栖燕子,把她的光辉与柔情斜斜地洒向那画梁上的燕巢,这就不能不使妻子由羡慕双燕,而更思念远方的亲人。

选择题
阅读理解

The fact that blind people can see things using parts of their bodies apart from their eyes may help us to understand our feelings about color.If they can sense color differences, then perhaps we, too, are affected by color without knowing it.Salesmen have discovered by experience over a long period of time that sugar sells badly in green wrappings, that blue foods are considered not agreeable to the taste, and that cosmetics(化妆品) should never be packed in brown.These discoveries have grown into a whole subject of color psychology.

Some of our preferences are clearly psychological.Dark blue is the color of the night sky and therefore connected with calm, while yellow is a day color connected with energy and encouragement.Experiments have shown that colors, partly because they are connected with psychology, also have a direct effect on people's mind.People in bright red surroundings show an increase in breathing speed, heartbeat and blood pressure.Red is exciting.Pure blue has exactly the opposite effect; it is a calming color.Being exciting, red was chosen as the signal for danger, but a closer study shows that a bright yellow can produce a more basic state of alarm, so fire engines in some advanced areas are now rushing around in bright yellow colors that stop buses, trucks and cars.

小题1:The passage tells us that salesmen have____ .

A.tried colors on blind people

B.found out that colors affect sales

C.developed a special subject of color psychology

D.discovered the relationship between color and psychology小题2:It can be inferred from the passage that__ _.

A.blind people cannot sense color differences

B.foods sell well in green or blue wrappings

C.w hat color we prefer depends on our state of mind

D.a bright color has exactly the opposite effect to red小题3:The most effective color in the passage for warning people is____.

A.red

B.dark blue

C.green

D.bright yellow小题4:If someone is in an angry mood, which color is better for him to become quiet?

A.Red.

B.Dark blue.

C.Brown.

D.Bright yellow小题5:Which of the following do you think is the best title for the passage?

A.Colors and Feelings

B.Colors and Sales

C.The Blind and Colors

D.Preferences for Colors