问题 填空题

下图是化学实验中常用的几种装置.

请回答下列问题:

(1)指出有编号的仪器名称:①______,②______.

(2)利用上述A、D装置的组合可以制取的一种气体是______,写出实验室制取该气体的化学反应方程式______.

(3)某同学欲收集一种难溶性气体,认为E装置可以代替B装置.请简述该同学应如何使用E装置?______.

答案

(1)①②是实验室制取气体时常用的仪器:漏斗和集气瓶;

(2)A应属于固液反应的发生装置,而装置B适于固液不需要加热的反应.C适于密度小于空气的气体收集装置,D适于密度大于空气的气体收集;实验室通常以MnO2作催化剂的条件下用过氧化氢制取氧气时;所以适合同时满足AD的制取的物质是氧气或二氧化碳.

(3)装置E属于灵活的收集装置.收集气体时,若气体的密度大于空气的且集气瓶中无液体时,从a端进入气体有利于将集气瓶中原有的气体排除瓶外.若内侧从满液体时,可以不受受气体的密度的限制;放置的方向不同,进入气体的途径也不同.若正方,则气体从b进入;若倒放置,则气体从a进入.

故答案为:

(1)①长颈漏斗; ②集气瓶

(2)氧气(或CO2);2H2O2

 MnO2 
.
 
2H2O+O2↑;(或二氧化碳CaCO3+2HCl=CaCl2+H2O+CO2↑)

(3)E装置充满水后正放,气体由b端进入(或E装置充满水后倒放,气体由a端进入)

单项选择题
填空题

During sleep, the fatigue (疲劳) of the body (47) and recuperation (恢复) begins. The tired mind gathers new energy. Once awake, the memory improves, and annoyance and problems are seen in a better (48) .
Some adults require little sleep; others need eight to ten hours in every twenty-four. (49) sleep sixteen to eighteen hours daily and, as they grow older, the (50) gradually diminishes. Young students may need twelve hours; university students may need ten. A worker with a (51) demanding job may also need ten, whereas an executive worker under great pressure may manage on six to eight. Many famous people are reputed to have required little sleep. Napoleon, Thomas Edison and Charles Darwin apparently (52) only four to six hours a night.
Whatever your (53) need, you can be sure that by the age of thirty you will have slept for a total of more than twelve years. By that age you will also have developed a sleep (54) : a favorite hour, a favorite bed, a favorite position, and a formula you need to follow in order to rest comfortably.
Investigators have tried to find out how long a person can go without sleep. Several people have reached more than 115 hours, nearly five days, (55) animals kept awake for from five to eight days have died of exhaustion. The (56) for human beings is probably about a week.

  • [A] disappears[I] averaged
  • [B] amount[J] data
  • [C] perspective [K] whereas
  • [D] Infants [L] People
  • [E] routine [M] doubtful
  • [F] limit [N] entertain
  • [G] physically[O] instinct
  • [H] individual