问题 解答题

某班同学人群中双眼皮和单眼皮的遗传情况进行了抽样调查,其调查结果如下表:

组别婚配方式被调查家庭数目子女
单眼皮双眼皮
1父母均为单眼皮51600
2父母均为双眼皮842674
3父母一方为双,一方为单16456128
(1)根据表中第______组数据可以推测单眼皮是______.

(2)如果显性基因用B表示,隐性基因用b表示,若第3组中父亲为双眼皮,母亲为单眼皮,生了一个单眼皮的孩子,请写出双亲婚配的基因组成:______.

(3)从第2组数据可以看出:如果父母均为双眼皮,子女有的是单眼皮,有的是双眼皮,请写出双眼皮孩子的基因组成:______.

(4)如果第1组中某家庭的单眼皮母亲做了双眼皮手术,那么她能生出双眼皮的孩子吗,为什么?

答案

(1)若子代中出现了亲代中没有的性状,则这个性状一定是隐性性状,子代中控制这个性状的一对基因分别由亲代提供,由表中第2组数据可知,父母都是双眼皮,子女中出现了单眼皮的个体,因此单眼皮为隐性性状.

(2)若父亲为双眼皮,母亲为单眼皮,又生了一个单眼皮的孩子,单眼皮孩子的基因组成是bb,b一定有一个来自父亲,而父亲是双眼皮,那么父亲的基因组成只能是Bb.

(3)如果父母均为双眼皮,子女中出现了单眼皮个体,则父母的基因组成都是Bb,双眼皮子女的基因组成是BB或Bb.遗传图解如图所示:

(4)由环境引起的变异由于其遗传物质没有发生变化是不能因此给下一代的,因此单眼皮母亲做了双眼皮手术,在父亲也是单眼皮的情况下,是不能生出双眼皮的孩子的,因为她体内的遗传物质并没有发生改变.

故答案为:

(1)2;隐性性状

(2)父:Bb;母:bb

(3)BB或Bb

(4)不能;手术做的双眼皮是不可遗传的变异.

阅读理解

任务型阅读.

     The outstanding woman physician (内科医生), Jerry Nielsen, spent a year at the Amundsen-Scott

South Pole Station as the only doctor in 1998 when she was 47.

     In early March 1999, she discovered that there was something wrong with her right breast ( * * ).

She was sure it was cancer (癌症), but she wasn't able to go to a doctor for help. She couldn't leave the

station for the next seven months until the snow turned back into water. Rather than wait for the  death,

Dr. Nielsen decided to fight against the cancer. But without the proper medical help, she wouldn't live for

long. Soon a USA Air Force jet came to provide her with some help. She started her own treatments

(治疗) after getting instructions from American doctors. She finally returned home that October. Since

then, she had become helpful to cancer charities.

    Sadly, Dr. Nielsen's cancer got worse and worse. She passed away on June 23, 2009. She once

wrote to her parents, "I understand what life really is: It is not when or how you  die  but how you  truly

were ever alive."

1. 文中划线词组passed away的汉语意思是:

                                                                                        

2. 将文中划线句子翻译成汉语.

                                                                                 

3. 从文中找出与下列句子意义相近的句子.

    Dr. Nielsen decided to fight against the cancer instead of waiting for the death.  

                                                                                          

4. 根据短文内容,回答下列问题.

    How old was Dr. Jerry Nielsen when she passed away?

                                                                                               

5. 用文中两个形容词描述一下Jerry Nielsen.

    (1)                      (2)                        

单项选择题