问题 问答题

现有下列实验装置示意图,结合实验装置图回答有关问题.

(1)A装置中a仪器的名称是______.

(2)选用A或B装置都能制备的气体是______,用A装置制取该气体的化学反应方程式是______,收集该气体可选用的装置为(填序号,答出一种即可)______.

(3)用B装置还可以制取______气体,制取该气体时,在锥形瓶加入的  是______,在分液漏斗中加入______;检验D装置收集满该气体的方法是______.

(4)现有如下资料:

通常状况下,NO2是一种密度比空气大的有毒气体,能与水发生反应;NO2能与碱溶液反应生成盐和水.实验室制取少量NO2气体的方法:废铜和浓硝酸反应,生成硝酸铜、水和NO2气体.制取NO2的反应方程式为______.

①制取NO2的发生装置是______;

②若用F装置来收集NO2,气体应从接口______(填序号,下同)处进入集气瓶,从环保的角度考虑,在制取NO2时你认为在装置F后连接的装置是______.

答案

(1)图中仪器a是酒精灯;故答案为:酒精灯;

(2)A装置适合固固加热型的气体制取,因此可以制取氧气,因为实验室用高锰酸钾制取氧气的发生装置属于固体加热型;反应的方程式是:2KMnO4

  △  
.
 
K2MnO4+MnO2+O2↑;

B装置适合固液常温型的制取气体,故可以制取氧气,因为实验室用过氧化氢溶液和二氧化锰制取氧气的发生装置属于固液常温型;故A和B都可以制取氧气;因为氧气难溶于水,故可以采用排水法收集;氧气的密度比空气大,故可以采用向上排空气法收集,选择的装置可以是D或E.

故答案为:氧气;  2KMnO4

  △  
.
 
K2MnO4+MnO2+O2↑;D或E;

(3)B装置的发生装置属于:固液常温型,故可以制取二氧化碳,实验室制取二氧化碳用大理石或大理石与稀盐酸反应生成二氧化碳、水和氯化钙,固体从锥形瓶口加入,液体从分液漏斗加入;检验二氧化碳收集满的方法是:将一根燃着的木条放在集气瓶口,若木条熄灭,说明已集满;

故答案为:二氧化碳   石灰石或大理石   稀盐酸     将燃着木条放在瓶口,如果熄灭,证明集满;

(4)废铜和浓硝酸反应,生成硝酸铜、水和NO2气体,反应的方程式为:Cu+4HNO3(浓)=Cu(NO32+2NO2↑+2H2O;

①制取二氧化氮的发生装置属于固液常温型,故选择B装置;②因为二氧化氮能与水反应,密度比空气的大,故选择向上排空气法收集,二氧化氮通过长导气管输送到集气瓶的底部,把空气从短导气管排出;因为二氧化氮有毒,能与碱溶液反应,故用H装置氢氧化钠溶液吸收;

故答案为:Cu+4HNO3(浓)=Cu(NO32+2NO2↑+2H2O      B        ②H

故答案为:(1)酒精灯    (2)氧气      2KMnO4

  △  
.
 
K2MnO4+MnO2+O2↑      D或E

(3)二氧化碳      大理石或石灰石      稀盐酸     将燃着木条放在瓶口,如果熄灭,证明集满

(4)Cu+4HNO3(浓)=Cu(NO32+2NO2↑+2H2O     B        ②H

阅读理解

Computers are useful machines. They can help people a lot in their daily life. For example, they can help people to save much time to do more work, and they can help people to work out many problems they can't do easily. Our country asks everyone to learn to use computers before the twenty-first century, except the old people.

Today more and more families own computers. Parents buy computers for their children. They hope computers can help them improve their studies in school. However, many of their children use computers to play games, to watch videos or to sing. The teachers and parents complain that computers can not help children to study but make them fall behind. So computers are locked in boxes by parents.

In some other countries, even some scientists also hate computers. They say computers let millions of people lose their jobs or bring them a lot of trouble. Will computers really bring trouble to people or can they bring people happiness?

It will be decided by today's students themselves!

小题1:Why do we say the computer is a useful machine? Because ______. 

A.our country asks us to learn it

B.it can help us a lot

C.we can use it to play games

D.it can help us to find jobs小题2:What do many teachers and parents complain about? They complain that ______ .  

A.their students and children use computers to study.

B.computers let them lose their jobs

C.computers make their students and children fall behind

D.computers bring people a lot of trouble小题3:How do you understand the last sentence of this passage? I think it means ______. 

A.computers are used by people

B.people can live well without computers

C.one must decide how to use computer

D.computers are strange machines

问答题

某闸室基础开挖是闸室分部工程中的一部分,其中右岸边墩基础开挖单元工程的质量评定表部分内容如下:
单元工程质量评定表

项次检查项目质量标准检验记录
1地基清理和处理无树根、草皮、乱石、坟墓,水井泉眼已处理,地质符合设计树根、草皮清除,无乱石、坟墓,渗水已处理,地质和设计相符
2▲岸坡清理和处理符合设计要求土壤的物理力学性能指标符合设计要求
3岸坡清理和处理无树根、草皮、乱石。有害裂隙及洞穴已处理树根、草皮已清理,无乱石和有害裂隙,洞穴已处理
4岩石岸坡清理坡度符合设计要求
5▲黏土、湿性黄土清理坡度符合设计要求基坑边坡清理满足设计要求
6截水槽地基处理泉眼、渗水已处理,岩石冲洗洁净,无积水局部渗水已挖集水坑处理,无泉眼和积水
7▲截水槽(墙)基岩面坡度符合设计要求
项次检测项目设计值(m)允许偏差(cm)实测值
1无结构要求,无配筋基坑(槽)长或宽5m以内+20 -10
25~10m+30 -20
310~15m+40 -30
415m以上+50 -30
5坑(槽底部标高)+20 -10
6垂直或斜面平整度20
项次检测项目设计值(m)允许偏差(cm)实测值
1有结构要求有配筋预埋件基坑(槽)长或宽5m以内+20 0
25~10m+30 0
310~15m+40 0
415m以上15×35+40 0 10502030452040102520
5坑(槽底部标高)22.15+20 0 62610815769
6垂直或斜面平整度1528863081812141615
检测结果共检测_______点,其中合格_______点,合格率______%
评定意见单元工程质量等级
注:1.“▲”后的项目为主要检查项目;
2.带“—”为未抽检值。
问题:

分别列出项次4、5、6中各实测值为不合格的数据。