参考答案：D

解析：[分析] 推断题型。 文章的最后一段First, it punishes the wrongdoer and reaffirms the boundaries of acceptable behavior. Second, and less recognized, it regulates the manner in which deviants are treated．中的First...分句中的reaffirm“重申”，Second...分句中的 regulate“控制和管理”与D项clarification and regulation是对应词。