问题 填空题

通过一年的化学学习,你已经掌握了实验室制取气体的一些规律,以下是老师提供的一些实验装置,请你结合下图回答问题:

(1)写出实验室制备二氧化碳的化学方程式______.

(2)选择______装置组合来制备和收集氧气(填字母编号).

(3)已知氨气是一种密度比空气小且极易溶于水的气体.将收集满氨气的集气瓶倒扣在滴有无色酚酞的水中,观察到的现象是______.

(4)加热氯化铵与氢氧化钠的固体混合物制取氨气,应选择的反应发生装置是______.

答案

(1)实验室常用大理石与稀盐酸反应制取二氧化碳气体,化学反应式是:CaCO3+2HCl=CaCl2+CO2↑+H2O.

故答案为:CaCO3+2HCl=CaCl2+CO2↑+H2O;

(2)用高锰酸钾制取氧气要加热装置,用过氧化氢溶液和二氧化锰制取氧气要用固液不加热装置,所以图示A、B都可用于制取氧气;氧气的密度大于空气的密度,并且不易溶于水,所以可以向上排空法或排水法收集.

故答案为:AC或AD或BC或BD;

(3)将收集满氨气的集气瓶倒扣在滴有酚酞溶液的水中,由于氨气极易溶于水,氨气溶于水后,集气瓶内压强减小,在外界大气压的作用下,水槽中的水被压入集气瓶,所以集气瓶内的液面上升;氨水显碱性,酚酞溶液遇碱溶液变红,所以集气瓶内的溶液由无色变为红色.

故答案为:液体变红且集气瓶中的液面上升,

(4)加热氯化铵与氢氧化钠的固体混合物制取氨气,是固固加热反应,所以可选用A装置.

故答案为:A.

阅读理解

阅读理解

       Want to stay away from colds? Put on a happy face. Compared to unhappy people, those who are

cheerful and relaxed are less likely to suffer from cold, according to a new study. It's possible that being

happy helps the body fight illnesses, say the researchers from New York University.

       "It seems that positive(积极的) feelings may reduce the danger of illness," said the study's chief

researcher Sheldon Cohen.

       In an earlier study, Cohen found that people who were cheerful and lively caught coughs and colds

less often People who showed positive feelings were also less likely to tell their doctors that they felt ill.

       In this study, Cohen's study interviewed 193 adults every day for two weeks. During the interviews,

the people told researchers about the happy or sad feelings they had that day.

       After the two weeks, the people were given colds by doctors and had to stay alone in a room for six days.

       The result showed that everyone in the study was equally likely to get ill. But for people who said they felt happy during the  research  period , their illness was less serious and lasted for a shorter time.

       Cohen believes that when people experienced positive feelings, their body may produce a chemical

that helps fight illness and disease. So if you are worried about your health, look on the bright side more

often.

1. Which of the following was NOT a part of the study'?

A. People talked about their feelings every day.

B. People were kept alone. for six days.

C. People were given colds by doctors.

D. People were made to feel unhappy.

2. What did the study find?  

A. People who felt happy never got ill.

B. People's feelings didn't influence their health.

C. People with good feelings became ill more easily.

D. People with positive feelings had less serious ill-nesses.

3. According to Cohen, which of the following may help fight illness?

A. Eating.              

B. Crying.

C. Laughing.            

D. Sleeping.

4. This passage is a/an ________. 

A. advertisement        

B. newspaper report

C. story                    

D. scientist's diary

5. What is the best title for this passage?

A. Smiles can fight colds

B. Cause of colds found

C The danger of colds

D. How people get sick

问答题 简答题